respiratory systeme

Question 1

what is the larynx and what is its function?

Answer 1

the larynx is located below(inferior) to the pharynx and its also know as the voice box, and contains the vocal cords. its function is to protect the lower portion of the respiratory track and prevent food from entering the trachea while breathing.

Question 2

what is the epiglottis and what is its function?

Answer 2

the epiglottis is the fap the covers of cartilage at the superior end of the larynx and its function is to cover the air way during swallowing so all food and liquid enters the esophagus.

Question 3

what is the trachea and what does it divide into?

Answer 3

the trachea or wind pipe is anterior to the esophagus and is about 10-12 cm long, its supported by c shaped cartilage, its function is to provide a pathway for air to move into and out of your body, it divides into two tude, the left and right bronchi.

Question 4

what is the difference between the left and right lung?

Answer 4

the difference between the left and right lung is that the right lung has 3 lobes and the left only has 2, this is because by the left lung there is a notch where the heart sits so the heart takes up the space the the 3rd lobe in the left lung.

Question 5

what is internal respiration?

Answer 5

internal respiration is the exchanging of gases with the blood and tissue cells

Question 6

what is external respiration?

Answer 6

external respiration is the exchanging of gases with the alveoli and blood stream

Question 7

what are the non-respiratory air mouvements?

Answer 7

sneezing, coughing, crying, laughing, hiccups and yawning(they do not involve gas exchange)

Question 8

what is the visceral pleura and what is its function?

Answer 8

the visceral pleura is the membrane that covers the lungs and it prevents the lungs and ribs from rubbing and creating friction and allows for easy mouvement during breathing.

Question 9

what is residual volume?

Answer 9

residual volume is the amount of air that remains in the lungs after forcefully exhaling and it keeps the alveoli inflated

Question 10

how long before a babys lungs are fully inflated?

Answer 10

it takes about 2 weeks after being born for a babys lungs to be fully inflated.

Question 11

why is it dangerous for a baby to be born prematurely?

Answer 11

it is dangerous because they can develope respiratory distress syndrome, due to a lack of surfactant, which prevents the alveoli from collapsing.

Question 12

what are the effects of aging on the respiratory systeme?

Answer 12

your chest wall gets rigid, your lungs loose elasticity, your vital capacity decreases, and lungs becomes saggy

Question 13

explain why we breath through our noses and not our mouths.

Answer 13

we breathe through are noses instead of our mouths because the nose warms, filters, and moistens the air that goes through. it warms by the veins in the nose, and it filters by the mucus and cilia trapping dust and mold.

Question 14

explain inspiration and expiration, how does the body take in and expel air?

Answer 14

inspiration is the act of inhaling which happens when the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles contract, this increases the size of the thoracic cavity and decreases the intrapulmonary pressure, which allow air to flow in from outside. expiration is the act of exhaling and this happens when the muscles relax and the size of the thoracic cavity decreases and the intrapulmonary pressure, which allow air to flow out to the outside.

Question 15

list the four separate events of respiration.

Answer 15

-pulmonary respiration: air moving into and out of the lungs
-external respiration: exchanging of gases between the alveoli and blood
-respiratory gas transport: O2 and CO2 being transported by the bloodstream
-internal respiration: exchanging of gases between the blood and tissue cells

Question 16

list the factors that influence respiration

Answer 16

-physical: talking, exercising
-emotional: fear, laughing
-conscious: holding breathe, singing
-chemical: increased levels of carbon dioxide in the blood.

Question 17

what is Asthma and how is it treated?

Answer 17

Asthma is a chronic lung disease that causes inflamation and constriction of the air ways, symptoms are accessive coughing, tightness of the chest, and shortness of the breath. treatment is a steroid inhaler.

Question 18

what does COPD stand for and what are the two diseases that it umbrellas?

Answer 18

COPD stands for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the two diseases under it are chronic bronchitis, which is long term reoccuring bronchitis, and Emphysema, which is the loss of elasticity in the alveoli that leads to shortness of breath, often caused by smoking cigarettes.

Question 19

what is cystic fibrosis and how do you get it?

Answer 19

cystic fibrosis is a progressive disease, it causes access mucus andcoughing up mucus/blood, it leads to lung infections. it is a genetic disease and is inherited.

Question 20

what is Pneumonia and what does it cause?

Answer 20

Pneumonia is a lung disease, caused by bacteria, virus, or fungus. it causes the alveoli to fill with fluid/pus, which makes it difficult to breath.

Question 21

what is tuberculosis and how do we treat it now?

Answer 21

TB is a highly contagious infection of the lungs, from bacteria. symptoms are, severe long-lasting cough, chest pain, coughing up mucus or blood, the treatment now is antibiotics.