Respiratory System Quiz Flashcards
Alveoli
Cup-shaped air sacs where oxygen passes from the alveoli into the capillaries; lots of surface area for gas exchange; CO2 passes in opposite direction.
Laryngitis
Temporary complete loss of the voice; due to inflammation of vocal ligaments.
Bronchioles
Smaller and smaller passage ways that come off the bronchi; deliver air to alveoli (where CO2 and O2 are exchanged.)
Bronchi
Branches off from the trachea in two directions. Each bronchus passes into a lung.
Trachea
Tough, flexible tube that carries air to and from the lungs. Walls of it are supported by c-shaped cartilage rings that prevent it from collapsing.
Phraynx
Throat - short, muscular tube extending about 12.7 cm from the nasal cavity and mouth to the esophagus & trachea. Separates digestive system and the respiratory system.
Larynx
Voice box - sits on top of the trachea; air rushing across two ligaments causes sounds that become speech.
Rib Cage
Forms a wall around the lungs, protecting them. Muscles allow rib cage to expand and contract.
Epiglottis
Throat - flap that covers larynx to separate it from the esophagus when eating.
Nasal Cavity
Filters, moistens, and warms incoming air.
Pleural Membrane
Thin membrane surrounding each lung and lining the thoracic cavity - secretes fluid to lubricate lungs so they can slide around.
Inhalation
Draws air into lungs, diaphragm contracts and become less dome shaped, rib cage moves up and out.
Exhalation
Pushes air out of lungs, diaphragm relaxes and becomes more dome shaped, rib muscles relax, rib cage moves down and in.
Lobes
Parts of lungs which are divided by deep groves or fissures. Right lung has 3 lobes, left lung has 2 lobes.
Diaphragm
Muscular membrane separating thoracic cavity from abdominal cavity. Base of lungs rest on it, involuntary muscle spasms in it cause hiccups.
