Respiratory System Questions Flashcards
Air and food are routed into the proper channels by
pharynx
Unlike inspiration, expiration is a passive act because no muscular contractions are involved. Expiration, however, depends on two factors. Which of the choices below lists those two factors?
the recoil of elastic fibers that were stretched during inspiration and inward pull of surface tension due to the film of alveolar fluid
The relationship between the pressure and volume of gases is given by __________.
Boyle’s law
The statement, “in a mixture of gases, the total pressure is the sum of the individual partial pressure of gases in the mixture” paraphrases __________.
Dalton’s law
The most powerful respiratory stimulus for breathing in a healthy person is:
increase of carbon dioxide
The lung volume that represents the total volume of exchangeable air is the ________.
vital capacity
Which of the following is not a stimulus for breathing?
rising blood pressure
Respiratory control centers are located in the ____.
medulla and pons
Which statement about carbon dioxide is incorrect?
Its accumulation in the blood is associated with decrease in pH
Which respiratory associated muscles would contract if you were to blow up a balloon?
internal intercostals and abdominal muscles would contract
How is the bulk of carbon dioxide carried in the blood?
as the bicarbonate ion in the plasma after first entering the red blood cells
Which of the following provide the greatest surface area for gas exchange?
alveoli
Most inspired particles such as dust fail to reach the lungs because of the ________.
ciliated mucous lining in the nose
Internal respiration is defined as:
gas exchange between systemic blood vessels and tissues
The structures composed of elastic fibers that form mucosal folds with a medial opening called the glottis are called:
vocal folds
The detergent-like complex that reduces surface tension and helps keep the alveoli from collapsing is called:
surfactant
The partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) of venous blood is usually about:
40 mmHg
Which is most true about nitric oxide (NO)
It is a vasodilator that plays a role in blood pressure regulation, and is destroyed by heme unless it is bound to cysteine amino acid
Which is true about carbon dioxide transport in the blood?
About 10% dissolved in plasma; 20% carried in RBCs as carboaminohemoglobin; and 70% is transported as bicarbonate (HCO3-)
Which is true of carbon dioxide’s influence on blood pH:
The carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system resists blood pH changes
THe semi-unconscious/unconscious pacesetting respiratory center is:
the dorsal respiratory group (DRG)
