Digestive System Questions Flashcards
Produces enzymes that break down all categories of food stuffs
Pancreas
Increases surface area for absorption via villi and microvilli
small intestine
Bacteria process undigested chyme from the small intestine
large intestine
Only digestive structure with three muscle layers
stomach
Receives blood via the hepatic portal system
Liver
Contains the brush border enzymes that complete digestion of carbohydrates and proteins
Small intestine
Main function is to filter and process the nutrient-rich blood delivered to it
Liver
Produces intrinsic factor
Stomach
The function of the hepatic portal circulation is to ____.
collect absorbed nutrients for metabolic processing or storage
Which of the following is not a factor that helps create the stomach mucosal barrier?
renin
Which hormone causes an increased output of enzyme-rich pancreatic juice and stimulates gallbladder contraction to release bile?
cholecystokinin
The absorptive effectiveness of the small intestine is enhanced by increasing the surface area of the mucosal lining. Which of the following accomplish this task?
plicae circulares and intestinal villi
Chyme is created in the ____.
stomach
Hydrochloric acid is secreted by which of the secretory cells in the stomach?
parietal cells
Peristaltic waves are ________.
waves of muscular contractions that propel contents from one point to another
Chemical digestion reduces large complex molecules to simpler compounds by the process of _____.
catabolism
The terminal portion of the small intestine is known as the ____.
ileum
Digestion of which of the following would be affected the most if the liver were severely damages?
lipids
___________ is locally regulated in the blood by the active form of vitamin D, which acts as a cofactor.
Calcium
Surgical cutting of the lingual frenulum would occur in which part of the body?
tongue
A fluid secreted into the small intestine during digestion that contains cholesterol, emulsification agents, and phospholipids is __________.
bile
Which of the following is not characteristic of the large intestine? It ______
is longer than the small intestine
Which is NOT a major function of the colon?
reclamation of the lipids
The bacteria colonizing the colon:
- ferment indigestible carbohydrates
- synthesize B complex vitamins and vitamin K
List, in proper order, the distinct region of the large intestine
- ascending colon
- hepatic flexure
- transverse colon
- splenic flexure
- descending colon
- sigmoid colon
- rectum
- anus
