Respiratory System and muscles Flashcards
What are the immediate effects of exercise on the respiratory system
Increased breathing rate
Increased breathing depth
Increase in the removal of carbon dioxide
Increase in the amount of oxygen taken into the lungs
What is oxygen dept
The extra amount of oxygen required after anaerobic exercise compared to the amount needed when normally at rest
How does smoking effect the respiratory system
It decreases the amount of oxygen uptake by the red blood cells they will carry carbon monoxide instead of oxygen
What are the long term effects of exercise on the respiratory system
Increased number of alveoli
Increased strength of intercostal muscles
Increased strength of diaphragm
Increased lung volume
Respiratory system is now stronger so we can take in more wire and extract oxygen more efficiently so can provide more oxygen for transport to the working muscles
What is the total lung capacity
The total volume of air in your lungs after the biggest breath in
What is the tidal volume
In normal breathing the amount of oxygen breathed in and out in one cycle
What is the vital capacity
The maximum amount you can forcibly breathe in and out
What are antagonistic pairs skeletal
muscles work together to provide movement of the joints when one muscle contracts the other one relaxes
The agonist in contracting
The antagonist is relaxing
What are tendons
They connect muscle to bone
What are isotonic contractions
Contractions that result in movement eg when running
What are isotonic contraction
Where the muscles contract but there is no visible movement eg holding a balance
What are the short term effects of physical activity
Increased muscle temperature Increased demand for oxygen Increased carbon dioxide production Increased lactic acid product in anaerobic respiration Muscle fatigue
What is muscle atrophy
Where muscle mass decreases due to not training for exampl because of injury
What are the long term effects of exercise on the muscular system
Increased muscle strength
Muscle hypertrophy
Increased myoglobin stores
Tendons and ligaments become stronger
Aids activities using strength power and endurance
Improves immediate oxygen supply to muscles
Better support of joints
Why is rest important
Overuse of muscles leads to injury
Adaptations only occur when rest takes place
Too much rest causes muscular atrophy
