Mind And Body Flashcards
What are somatotypes
The term used to describe different body types and shapes
What is a mesomorph
Low level of fat Easily builds muscle Solid build Wide shoulders Narrow hips
They are suited to activities needed power or strength such as
Sprinting
weight lifting
Boxing
What is an ectomorph
Long thin frame Narrow shoulders and hips Slim build Doesn't easily build muscle Doesn't store fat easily
Suited to activities where being light is an advantage such as
Long distance running
High jump
What is an endomorph
Wide hips
Narrow shoulders
Stores fat easily
Usually suited to activities where weight is an advantage and they can use weight to build momentum and give power such as
Shot put
Sumo wrestling
What factors effect optimum weight
Height
Sex
Bone structure
Muscle girth
How does height affect optimum weight
The taller you are the more you will weigh
But in some advantages height is an advantage so it’s okay to be over the optimum weight
How does sex effect the optimum weight
Males are usually bigger so will weight more so men could have an advantage in activities where power or strength is needed this is why men and women compete separately
How does bone structure effect optimum weight
Some people have longer or wider bones so will have more bone density a larger bone structure will make the person weigh more
How does muscle girth effect the optimum weight
The circumference of the muscle is muscle girth
People with bigger muscles will weigh more but bigger muscles are an advantage in sports that require power or strength
What is anorexia nervosa
It is a serious eating disorder where the sufferer refuses to eat due to an obsession with losing weight
the body will lack nutrients needed causing:
Fatigue
Fainting/dizziness
Muscular atrophy
Death
What is under weight
Not weighing as much as expected for your height and sex
If you are very underweight then you may become too tired and weak to do exercise and physical fitness and performance levels will decrease
What is overweight
You weigh more than the expected weight for your height and sex
Overweight is not harmful unless you are also overfat
Some elite performers are overweight due to one density or muscle girth but are not over fat
What is over fat
Having more body fat than high should
If you have excessive fat it can lead to high blood pressure and high cholesterol levels
You can be over fat without being over weight
What is obese
A term used to describe people who are very overfat when the body has an increased fat level that becomes seriously unhealthy it can lead to: Mobility issues or lack of flexibility Additional stress on bones and joints Heart disease Type 2 diabetes Depression due to low self esteem
What are anabolic steroids
They increase the amount of restoring in the body
So the athlete can train harder for longer and muscular hypertrophy happens easier
They speed up recovery time and ultimately increase the chances of winning
They provide a power advantage so sprinters are most likely to take them
