Respiratory System Flashcards
whole process of oxidation of food in the body to produce energy. It includes all organs and tissues.
respiration
cyclic automatic and centrally controlled function to bring oxygen and take out carbon dioxide of the body.
breathing
use up oxygen and returns carbon dioxide to be exhaled and excreted. All the different parts of the process are intertwined and must carry on at a certain pace
the body tissues
movement of substances from an area to a higher concentration(where there are more particles) to an area of lower concentration (where there are less particles).
diffusion
four types of surfaces for gas exchange
body surface
gills
lungs
tracheal system
where gas exchange occur directly between the cells of the body.
body surfaces
provide a large suface area for the exchange of gas from the water which flows from them.
Rich in blood vessels.
gills
insects contains branched tubes. they deliver air directly to the body cells.
tracheal system
exchange surface that is restricted only to one location in an animal’s body.
lungs
characteristics of surfaces
- large surface area
- moist surface
- thin permeable surface
- difference in concentration gradient of oxygen and carbon dioxide
- many capillaries with good blood supplyty
sheet of muscle at the bottom of the thoracic cavity
diaphragm
membrane lining the entire cavity and covering the lungs, secrete mucus to prevent friction from movement of lungs
pleura
tube at the back of the nasal cavity, contains passageways for food/air
pharynx
presses down and covers the opening to the air passage when food is swallowed
epiglottis
smallest tubes which lined with mucus/cilia
bronchioles
