Respiratory System Flashcards
bronch/o
bronchus
laryng/o
larynx
pharang/o
pharynx
phren/o
diaphragm
phrenic/o
phrenic nerve
pleur/o
pleura
pneum/o, pneumat/o
air, gas, respiration, lung
pulm/o, pulmon/o
lungs
rhin/o
nose
spir/o
breathing
trache/o
trachea
What are the components to the respiratory system?
nose nasal cavity pharynx larynx trachea bronchi bronchi branches
nose
provides an airway to breath
serves as a resonating chamber for speech
houses smell receptors
pharynx
the pharynx is divided into three regions
- nasopharynx: air passageway
- oropharynx: air and food passageway
- laryngopharynx: air and food passageway
larynx
- aka the voice box
- helps to provide an open airway
- acts as a switching mechanism to route air and food into proper channels
trachea
- the trachea is in the mediastinal region and splits into two bronchi that enter the lungs
- 3 lobes in the right lung and two lobes in the left lung
bronchi
- smallest branches are bronchioles, and bronchioles narrow until they end in a tiny pouch called the alveolar sac
- gasses are exchanged and oxygenate blood
bronchiolitis
inflammation of the bronchioles
bronchoscope
instrument used to examine the bronchi
carina
- projection of the lowest tracheal cartilage where the trachea separates into two bronchi
- used as a landmark for endoscopy (bronchoscopy)
- most sensitive area of the trachea and larynx for triggering a cough reflex
COPD
- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- any group of chronic, progressive, and debilitative respiratory diseases (emphysema, asthma, bronchitis, etc)
dyspnea
difficulty breathing
hemothorax
presence of blood in pleural space
hypernea
rapid or excessive breathing
lobectomy
surgical excision of a lobe of the lung
orthopnea
difficulty breathing unless upright or in a straight position
pneumothorax
collection of air in the chest or pleural cavity
rales (crackles)
abnormal chest sounds heard when air enters small airways or alveoli containing fluid typically during inspiration
rhinorrhea
discharge from the nose
ronchus
rale or rattling sound in the throat or bronchial tube caused by obstructed or inflamed bronchi
tachypnea
fast or rapid breathing
thoracotomy
surgical incision into the chest wall
thoracentisis
removal of fluid from the pleural cavity via surgical puncture; pleural tap
wheeze
whistling sound usually caused by air passageway obstruction, common in asthmatics
What codes are used for surgical procedures of the respiratory system?
Codes 30000-32999
