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Medical Terminology > Endocrine System > Flashcards

Endocrine System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

adren/o, adrenal/o

A

adrenal gland, epinepherine

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2
Q

adrenocortic/o

A

adrenal cortex

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3
Q

endocrin/o

A

endocrine glands or system

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4
Q

hypophys/o

A

pituitary gland, hypophysis

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5
Q

insul/o

A

pancreatic islets

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6
Q

parathyr/o, parathyroid/o

A

parathyroid gland

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7
Q

pituitar/o

A

pituitary gland, hypophysis

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8
Q

thyr/o, throid/o

A

thyroid gland

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9
Q

endocrine gland

A

ductless, secretes hormones directly into the blood stream

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10
Q

exocrine gland

A

has a duct that secretes outward to the body’s surface

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11
Q

adrenal gland

A

ductless, pyramid shape found on the kidneys

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12
Q

medulla on adrenal gland

A

secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine

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13
Q

cortex on adrenal gland

A

secretes steroids (glucocorticoids, mineral corticoids, and adrenal estrogen and androgen)

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14
Q

carotid body

A

chemoreciptor organ located on the carotid artery that regulates respiration and pH balance

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15
Q

pancreas

A

exocrine gland and endocrine structure that controls blood sugar levels with the hormones insulin and glucagon

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16
Q

parathyroid gland

A

small round bodies located on the thyroid that regulate calcium and phosphorus metabolism

17
Q

pituitary gland

A

aka the hypophysis cerebri- single gland has two parts:

  • posterior pituitary secretes oxytocin, responsible for uterine contractions and milk let-down, and Vasopressin, an antidiuretic
  • anterior pituitary secretes ACTH, TSH, FSH, LH, GH, MSH, and PRL
18
Q

thymus gland

A

composed of lymphoid tissue and located in chest

  • helps regulate humoral immune function
  • does much of its work in early childhood and is largest shortly after birth
  • may be replaced by fat after puberty
19
Q

thyroid gland

A

regulates metabolism and serum calcium levels through secretion of thyroid hormone and calcitonin

20
Q

endochrinologist

A

physician specializing in diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the endocrine system

21
Q

euthyroid

A

normal thyroid gland activity

22
Q

glandular

A

pertaining to a gland

23
Q

hyperkalemia

A

excessive potassium in the blood

24
Q

hyperthyroidism

A

excessive secretion of thyroid hormone

25
Q

hypothyroidism

A

deficient secretion of the thyroid hormone

26
Q

insulin

A

hormone secreted by the beta cells in the pancreas, which regulates energy and glucose metabolism

27
Q

parathyroid

A

glands located behind the thyroid gland

28
Q

thymitis

A

inflammation of the thymus gland

29
Q

thyroiditis

A

inflammation of the thyroid gland

30
Q

thyrotoxicosis

A

condition caused by excess thyroid hormone often due to hyperactivity of the thyroid gland

31
Q

Codes used for surgical procedures of the endocrine system?

A

60,000-60,699

Medical Terminology (19 decks)

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