Respiratory system

Question 1

Respiratory tract lining changes

Answer 1

Bronchi: pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelilum w goblet cells and submucosal mucoserous glands and cartilage
Bronchioles, terminal bronchioles and respiratory bronchioles: lack goblet cells, glands and cartilage; by the level of terminal bronchioles the airway epithelium is ciliated simple cuboidal

Question 2

Pulmonary function testing changes seen in obesity

Answer 2

• decreased ERV and functional residual capacity
• decreased FEV1, forced vital capacity and TLC
• residual volume unchanged

Question 3

2,3 DPG

Answer 3

Binds to deoxygenated Hb beta subunits decreasing their affinity for oxygen’ promotes the release of oxygen to tissues by RBCs