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Micro biology > Respiratory system > Flashcards

Respiratory system Flashcards

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1
Q

Which micro organism causes Strep throat

A

Strep Pyogens

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2
Q

What is the mode of transmission of Strep throat

A

Respiratory droplets

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3
Q

What might a strep throat infection caused by strep pyrogens lead to

A

Scarlet fever
rheymatic fever
glomerulonephritis

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4
Q

What is the number one cause of Pharyngitis

A

Strep throat

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5
Q

What age group is the most common for strep throat infection

A

5-15

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6
Q

What causes Scarlet fever

A

Strep pyogens

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7
Q

What is a tell all symptom of scarlet fever

A

Strawberry tongue

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8
Q

How is scarlet fever transmitted

A

Respiratory droplets

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9
Q

What is another name for scarlet fever

A

Scarletina

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10
Q

What causes Diphtheria

A

Corynebacterium Diphtheria

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11
Q

How is Diphtheria transmitted

A

Person to person
Respiratory droplets
Skin contact

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12
Q

What disease has a characteristic Palisade arrangement

A

Diphtheria

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13
Q

What skin test is used to test for Diphtheria

A

Schick test

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14
Q

What bacteria is most likely to cause Sinusitis

A

Moraxella catarrhalis

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15
Q

What is the most likely mode of transmission of a sinus infection

A

Bacteria in pharynx spread to sinuses via throat

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16
Q

What bacteria can cause sinusitis

A

Moraxella catarrhalis
Strep pyogens
Haemophilus infulenzae b
Strep pneumoniae

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17
Q

What bacteria is mostlikely to cause Otitis Media

A

Strep pneumoniae

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18
Q

What bacteria can cause Otitis media

A

Strep Pneumoniae
Haemophilus influenza b
Staph aureus
Moraxella catarrhalis

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19
Q

What is the most common cause of the common cold

A

Rhinovirus

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20
Q

What is the second most common cause of the common cold

A

Coronavirus

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21
Q

What viruses can cause the common cold

A

Rhinovirus
Coronavirus
Adenovirus

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22
Q

What is another name for the common cold caused by the rhinovirus

A

Rhinorrhea

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23
Q

What causes Pneumococcal pnemonia

A

Strep pneumoniae

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24
Q

What is a tell all symptom of pneumococcal pneumonia

A

Rust-coloured sputum

Consolidation in lungs

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25
Q

How does one get pneumococcal pneumonia

A

Inhalation of bacteria

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26
Q

What is another name of pneumococcal pneumonia caused by strep pneumoniae

A

Typical pneumonia

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27
Q

What causes Mycoplasma pneumonia

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

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28
Q

What are some other names for Mycoplasma pneumoniae

A

Atypical pneumonia

Walking pneumonia

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29
Q

Why is mycoplasma pneumoniae also called walking pneumonia

A

Because it is similar to the flu or asymptomatic

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30
Q

What causes klebsiella pneumoniae

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae

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31
Q

What is a tell all symptom of Klebsiella pneumoniae

A

Currant jelly sputum

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32
Q

Who is most at risk of developing klebsiella pneumoniae

A

Immuno-compromised people

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33
Q

What is a typical pneumonia symptom

A

Consolidation of lungs

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34
Q

What bacteria that can cause pneumonia is associated with the plague

A

Yersinia pestis

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35
Q

What causes Ornithosis

A

Chlamydophila pasittaci

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36
Q

How does Ornithosis present itself

A

Flu-like symptoms within 10 days of exposure

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37
Q

how does one get Ornithosis

A

Inhalation of aerosolized feces/respiratory secretions

Beak-to-mouth contact with infected birds

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38
Q

What is another name for ornithosis

A

Psittacosis

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39
Q

What causes Legionnaires disease

A

Legionella pneumophila

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40
Q

How does one get legionnaires disease

A

Inhalation of bacteria in aerosols from water sources

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41
Q

Other than legionnaires disease what can also be caused by legionella pneumophila

A

Pontiac fever

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42
Q

What are symptoms of legionnaires disease

A 
Fever
Chills
Nonproductive cough
Headach
pneumonia
43
Q

What causes Tuberculosis

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

44
Q

What are the three types of TB

A

Primary
Secondary
Disseminated

45
Q

What are notable symptoms in primary TB

A

Tubercles
Ghon’s complex
Caseous necrosis

46
Q

What is a notable symptom in Disseminated TB

A

Consumption

47
Q

How is TB transmitted

A

Respiratory droplets

48
Q

What is it called when TB is in the spine

A

Pott’s disease - Primary TB

49
Q

Children are most likely to get what type of TB

A

Primary

50
Q

What is the leading killer of HIV patients

A

TB

51
Q

What causes Pertussis

A

Bordetella pertussis

52
Q

What are the 4 phases of Pertussis

A

Incubation
Catarrhal
Paroxysmal
Convalescent

53
Q

What phase of Pertussis has the characteristic whooping cough

A

Paroxysmal

54
Q

How does one get pertussis

A

Highly contagiuos

55
Q

What is another name of Pertussis

A

Whooping cough

56
Q

Who is most likely to develop whooping cough

A

Children

57
Q

What causes Epiglottitis

A

Haemophilus influenza b

58
Q

What is a sign of Epiglottitis

A

Tripod position (lean slightly forward to breath)

59
Q

How does one get Epiglottitis

A

Person to person
Direct contact
Droplet inhalation

60
Q

What is an important consideration about epiglottitis

A

It is a medical emergency and requires immediate help

61
Q

What causes Inhalational anthrax

A

Bacillus anthracis

62
Q

What are symptoms of inhalation anthrax

A 
Flu symptoms
breathing problems
lethargy
shock
death
63
Q

How does one get inhalation anthrax

A

Inhalation of endospores

64
Q

What causes influenza

A

Influenza virus (Orthomyxovirus) A and B

65
Q

When does antiviral medication need to be administered to stop influenza

A

Within 48 hours of infection

66
Q

What can cause Bronchitis

A 
Rhinovirus
Adenovirus
Influenza virus
mycoplasma pneumoniae
Chlamydophila pneumoniae
Bordetella petrussis
67
Q

What percent of Bronchitis is viral

A

90%

68
Q

What percent of Bronchitis is bacterial

A

10%

69
Q

What causes Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)

A

Coronavirus

70
Q

What does SARS require

A

BSL-3

71
Q

What causes Respiratory syncytial virus infection

A

RSV - respiratory syncytial virus

72
Q

What are symptoms of Respiratory syncytial virus infection

A 
Bluish skin
intercostal retractions
nasal flaring
rapid breathing
Death
73
Q

What is the most common childhood respiratory disease

A

Respiratory syncytial virus infection

74
Q

What is the severe form of respiratory syncytial virus infection

A

Bronchoiolitis

75
Q

What causes Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS)

A

Hantavirus

76
Q

What are the symptoms of Hanatavirus Pulmonary syndrome

A

Cough
Shock
Laboured breathing
Death

77
Q

What does Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome require

A

BSL-4

78
Q

How does one get a Hantavirus infection

A

Inhalation of Virons in dried mouse urine or feces

79
Q

What causes Croup

A

Parainfluenze virus

80
Q

What is a major symptom of Croup

A

Seal-bark cough

81
Q

Who is at risk of developing Croup

A

Children

82
Q

How is Croup transmitted

A

Repiratory droplets

Person to person contact

83
Q

What causes Coccidioidomycosis

A

Coccidioides immitis

84
Q

What forms in the lungs in a Coccidioidomysosis infection

A

Spherules

85
Q

What is Coccidioidomycosis also called

A

San Joaquin Valley fever

86
Q

What is a common vehicle of infection for Coccidioidomycosis

A

Native American pots and blankets

87
Q

What causes Pulmonary Blastomycosis

A

Blastomyces dermatidis

88
Q

What are the symptoms of Pulmonary blastomycosis

A

FLu-like symptoms

89
Q

What is another name for Pulmonary Blastomycois

A

Gilchrist’s disease

90
Q

How does one get Pulmonary Blastomycosis

A

Inhalation of dust carrying fungal spores

91
Q

What causes Paracoccidioidomycosis

A

Paracoccidioides brasillensis

92
Q

What are the symptoms of Paracoccidioidomycosis

A

Pneumonia or TB like symptoms

93
Q

Who often gets Paracoccidioidomycosis

A

Farmers

94
Q

What causes Histoplasmosis

A

Histoplasma capulatum

95
Q

What percent of patients with Histoplasmosis are asymptomatic

A

95%

96
Q

What can you often find on a chest X-ray in patients with hisoplasmosis

A

Granuloma in lungs

97
Q

What can histoplasmosis granulomas be confused with

A

Cancer

98
Q

What is another name for Histoplasmosis

A

Ohio River Valley disease

99
Q

What is the most common fungal pathogen affecting humans

A

Hisoplasma capsulatum

100
Q

What causes Pneumocytis Pneumonia (PCP)

A

Pneumocystis jirovecii

101
Q

What is a common ooprtunistic pathogen in aids patients

A

Pneumocystis jirovecii

102
Q

What causes Aspergillosis

A

Aspergillus

103
Q

What are the symptoms of Aspergillosis

A

Allergies

Micro biology (7 decks)

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