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Nervous system Flashcards

(99 cards)

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1
Q

Which Gram - Bacteria is the most common cause of meningitis in College students

A

Neisseria meningitidis

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2
Q

What Gram + Bacteria is the most common cause of Meningitis in Adults

A

Streptocuccus pneumoniae

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3
Q

What Gram - Bacteria is the most common cause of meningitis in children

A

Haemophilus influenzoe B

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4
Q

What Gram + Bacteria is the most common cause of Meningitis in Elderly, babies and pregnant women

A

Listeria Moncytogenes

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5
Q

What Gram + bacteria is the most common cause of Meningitis in premature babies and infants

A

Streotococcus agalactiae

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6
Q

How is Listeria moncytogenes transmitted

A

Contaminated Food and Drink

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7
Q

How is Streptococcus agalactiae transmitted

A

Birth canal

Health care personal

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8
Q

What type of meningitis is associated with a Sudden high fever and sever meningeal inflammation

A

Bacterial meningitis

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9
Q

What bacteria causes Hansen’s disease (leprosy)

A

Mycobacterium leprae

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10
Q

What are the two types of Leprosy

A

Tuberculoid Leprosy

Lepromatous Leprosy

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11
Q

What type of leprosy causes one to lose facial features, digits and other body structures

A

Lepromatous Leprosy

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12
Q

What happens in tuberculoid leprosy

A

Regions of lost sensation as a result of nerve damage

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13
Q

How is leprosy transmitted

A

Person-to-person contact or break in the skin

Handling armadillos

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14
Q

What kind of Leprosy would one get if they have a strong immune system

A

Tuberculoid leprosy

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15
Q

What kind of leprosy would on get if they have a weak immune system

A

Lupromatous leprosy

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16
Q

What bacteria causes Botulism

A

Colstridium botulinum

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17
Q

What are the symptoms of Botulism

A

Flaccid paralysis

Death - Cannot inhale

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18
Q

How does one get Botulism

A

Contaminated food
Honey
Spores entering wounds

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19
Q

What is the most common form of botulism in the US

A

Infant botulism (floppy baby syndrom)

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20
Q

What category of bioterrorism threat is botulism

A

Cat A

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21
Q

What Bacteria causes lockjaw (tetnus)

A

Clostridium tentani

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22
Q

What are symptoms of Tetnus

A

Sever muscular contraction
Lockjay
Death - Cant exhale

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23
Q

How does one get Tetnus

A

Break in skin
Puncture wounds
Umbilical stump (in un-steril environment)

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24
Q

What is the smiling spasm associated with tetnus

A

Risus Sardonicus

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25
What is the mortality rate of neonatal tetanus
90%
26
What causes neonatal tentaus
Infected umbilical stump
27
What causes Poliomyelitits
Poliovirus
28
How many cases of polio as asymptomatic
90%
29
How is polio transmitted
Drinking contaminated water
30
What is the name of the paralysis that polio causes
Infantile paralysis postpolio syndrom
31
What causes Rabies
Rabies Virus
32
What are symptoms of rabies
``` Pain + itching at site of infection Fever Malaise seizures Disorientation ```
33
How does one get rabies
Tranmission usually occurs after a bit from a bat
34
What is the capsid shape of the rabies virus
Bullet shaped
35
Can someone be saved from rabies once they start to experience symptoms
No
36
What is the vector in all Equine Encephalitis diseases
Mosquito vector
37
Where is Eastern Equine Encephalitis found
East of mississippi river
38
What is another name for Eastern Equine Encephalitis
Sleep sickness
39
Which form of Equine Encephalitis is most deadly
Eastern Equine Encephalitis
40
Where is Western Equine Encephalitis found
West of the Mississippi
41
Where is Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis found
Texas
42
What are the symptoms of Equine Encephalitis
Fever Muscle pain Headach Seizures 3-10 days after bite
43
What causes St.Louis Encephalitis
St.louis Encephalitis virus
44
What is the vector for St. Louis Encephalitis
Mosquito
45
What causes West Nile Encephalitis
West nile virus
46
How many people that get the West Nile virus are asymptomatic
80%
47
What is the vector for West Nile Virus
Mosquito
48
Were do mosquitoes likely get West Nile virus
Dead birds
49
What causes California Encephalitis
California Encephalitis virus
50
What is the vector for California Encepahlitis
Mosquito
51
What is an Arbovirus
A virus that is Transmitted through an arthropod vector
52
What causes Tick Borne Encephalitis
Tick borne Encephalitis virus
53
What is the vectorr for Tick born encephalitis
Hard Tick
54
What fungus causes Cryptococcal meningitis
Cryptococcus neofarmans
55
How can you get Cryptococcal meningitis
Inhalation of spores or dried yeast cells
56
What is the most common form of Crytococcal infection
Cryptococcal meningitis
57
If left untreated what can crytococcal neofarmans cause
Loss of vision
58
What Protozoans can cause African Sleeping sickness
Trypanosoma Brucei Gambiense | Trypanosoma Brucei Rhodesiense
59
What is the vector for African sleeping sickness
Tsetse fly
60
What is the most common african sleeping sickness (95%), what causes it
West African sleeping sickness caused by Trypanosoma Brucei Gambiense
61
What is the last common African sleeping sickness (5%), what causes it
East African sleeping sickness
62
What protozoans can cause Amebic Meningoencephalopath
Acanthamoeba | Naegleria fowleri
63
How can one get the protozoans that cause Amebic Meningoencephalopath
Inhalation of contaminated water
64
Which protozoan that causes Amebic Meningoencephalopath is known as the Brain eating amoeba
Naeglera Fowleri
65
How quickly does one die when they get Amebic Meningoencephalopath
3-7 days
66
What causes Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
Prions
67
What are symptoms of Variant Creutzfledt-Jakob disease
Insomnia Weight loss Memory failure loss of muscle control
68
What is the most common cause of Variant Creutzfledt-Jakob disease
Eating BSE contaminated Beef
69
What is the group of diseases caused by a prion
Spongiform Encephalopathy
70
What bacteria causes Trachoma
Chlamydia Trachomatis
71
What are the symptoms of Trachoma
Eyelids turn inward Eyelashes scar cornea --> trigger blood vessels Eventual blindness
72
How can you get Trachoma
Bacteria from genitals gets into eye (birth, fomites, fingers)
73
What is the leading cause of nontraumatic blindness in human
Chlamydia Trachomatis (Trachoma)
74
What is a Sty
Infection of Hair follicle on eyelid
75
What can cause a sty
Staphylococcus Aureus | Staphylococcus Epidermidis
76
What is the most likely bacteria to cause a sty
Staphylococcus Aureus
77
What Bacteria Causes Opthalmia Neonatorum
Neisseria Gonorrhoea
78
How does Opthamlia Neonatorum present
Inflammation of cornea of Blindness
79
What is another name of Opthamlia Neonatorum
Newborn Conjunctivitis
80
What can cause Pink eye (Conjunctivitis)
Staph Aureus Strep Pneumoniae Haemophilus aegyptii Adenovirus
81
What is another name for Pink eye caused by the Adenovirus
Swimming pool Conjunctivitis
82
What does bacterial conjunctivitis cause
Grittiness/irritation | Mucopurulent discharge
83
What Causes Ocular Herpes
HHV-1
84
What can Occular Herpes lead to
Blindness
85
Where does HHV-1 stay latent, and travel down in Occular Herpes
Stays in Trigeminal Ganglion | Travels down Opthamic Division
86
What fungus causes Occular Candidiasis
Candida albicans
87
What are symptoms of Occular Candidiasis
Eye pain Red eye Blindness
88
What protozoan causes Acanthamoeba Keratinits
Acanthamoeba
89
How can one get Ancanthamoeba keratinits
Using nonsterile solutions to clean/store contact lenses
90
What causes Loa Loa Filariasis
Loa Loa
91
What is Loa Loa
a Nematode
92
What is a notable symptom of Loa Loa Filariasis
Calabar swelling on the eye
93
What are the vectos for Loa Loa Filariasis
Deer Fly | Mango Fly
94
What is Loa Loa Filariasis also known as
Subcutaneous Filariasis | Loaiasis
95
What causes Onchocerciasis
Onchocerca
96
What is Onchocerca
Nematode
97
What are symptoms of Onchocerciasis
Long term conrneal inflammation | Blindness
98
What is the vector for Onchocerciasis
Black Fly
99
What is Onchocerciasis also called
River Blindness

Micro biology (7 decks)

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