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Micro biology > GI infection > Flashcards

GI infection Flashcards

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1
Q

What causes a peptic ulcer

A

Heliobacter pylori

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2
Q

What is a symptom of a peptic ulcer

A

Abdominal pain

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3
Q

How is Heliobacter transmitted

A

Fecal-oral transmission

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4
Q

How is heliobacter pain relieved

A

Food in duodenum

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5
Q

What exacerbates heliobacter pain

A

Food in stomach

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6
Q

What causes Cholera

A

Vibrio Cholerae

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7
Q

What is a symptom of Cholera

A

Rice-water stool

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8
Q

What is the most common virbio infection in humas

A

Cholera

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9
Q

How is cholera transmitted

A

Fecal-oral through food and water

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10
Q

What causes Shigellosis

A

Shigella sonnei
Flexneri
Dysenteriae
Bodydii

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11
Q

What are symptoms of Shigellosis

A

Abdominal Cramps
Fever
Diarrhea
Bloody stool

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12
Q

How is Shigellosis transmitted

A

Fecal-oral by ingesting bacteria on contaminated hands

Cold foods and salad bars

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13
Q

What is Shigellosis also known as

A

Bacillary dysentery

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14
Q

What toxin does Shigella sonnei release

A

Shiga toxin

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15
Q

What is the most common cause of Shigellosis in the US

A

Shigella sonnei

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16
Q

What is the second most common cause of Shigellosis in the US

A

Shigella flexeri

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17
Q

What causes travelers diarrhea

A

E. Coli

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18
Q

How is Travelers diarrhea transmitted

A

Fecal-oral

consumption of uncooked beef, Unpasturized milk and juice

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19
Q

E. Coli is most likely to cause what in human

A

GI infection

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20
Q

What causes Campylobacter Diarrhea

A

Campylobacter jejuni

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21
Q

What is a symptom of Campylobacter Diarrhea

A

Blood+frequent Diarrhea for 7-10 days

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22
Q

How does one get Campylobacter Diarrhea

A

Contaminated Poultry

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23
Q

What is the most common cause of Bacterial Gastroenteritis in the US

A

Campylobacter jejuni

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24
Q

What causes Pseudomembranous Colitis

A

Clostridium difficle

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25
Q

What is a tell all symptom of Clostridium difficile

A

Formation of pseudo-mambranes in colon

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26
Q

What is an extremely common opportunistic infection in those taking antimicrobials

A

Clostridium difficle

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27
Q

Why is Clostridium difficle life threatening

A

Peritonitis due to massive internal infection by fecal bacteria

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28
Q

What causes Salmonellosis food poisoning

A

Salmonella enterica enteritidis

Salmonella enterica typhimurium

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29
Q

What is the most common way to get Salmonellosis (food poisoning)

A

Consuming contaminated Eggs

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30
Q

What cause Salmonellosis typhoid fever

A

Salmonella enterica typhi

Salmonella enterica paratyphi

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31
Q

What is a common symptom of Salmonellosis typhoid fever

A

Peritonitis

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32
Q

What is a famous carrier of Salmonellosis typhoid fever

A

Typhoid mary

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33
Q

What causes Staphylococcal food poisoning

A

Staph Aureus

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34
Q

What causes Clostridial food poisoning

A

Clostridium perfringens

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35
Q

What is special about clostridial food poisoning

A

No fever

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36
Q

How does one get Clostridium perfingens infection

A

Ingestion of contaminated meat

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37
Q

What causes yersinia food poisoning

A

Yersinia enterocolitica

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38
Q

What can yersinia food poisoning mimic

A

Appendicitis

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39
Q

How does one get yersinia food poisoning

A

Consumption of contaminated pork

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40
Q

Who is likely to get yersinia food poisoning

A

Children

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41
Q

What causes Bacillus cereus food poisoning

A

Bacillus cerus

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42
Q

How can someone get Bacillus cereus food poisoning

A

Consumption of rice dishes cooked and held at warm temp for hours

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43
Q

What is Bacillus cereus fod poisoning also known as

A

Fried rice syndrome

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44
Q

What causes Oral Herpes (cold sores)

A

HHV-1

Sometimes HHV-2

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45
Q

Where does HHV-1 stay latent in oral herpes

A

Trigeminal ganglia

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46
Q

What causes Mumps

A

Mumps virus

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47
Q

What are symptoms of Mumps

A

Parotits (swelling of parotid gland)

Orchitis (testicular swelling)

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48
Q

What causes Viral gastroenteritis

A

Norovirus (calicivirus)
Astrovirus
Rotavirus

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49
Q

What causes 90% of viral gastroenteritis

A

Norovirus

50
Q

What is the number 1 cause of food borne illness in the US

A

Norovirus

51
Q

What is the most common cause of infantile gastroenteritis

A

Rotavirus

52
Q

What is strange about the symptoms of Viral gastroenteritis caused by Astrovirus

A

No vomiting

53
Q

What causes Hepatitis A

A

Hepatitis A virus (HAV)

54
Q

What is a major symptom of Hep A

A

Jaundice

55
Q

How is Hep A transmitted

A

Fecal-oral route

56
Q

What in important to know about Hep A

A

It is resistant to common household disinfectants

57
Q

What is another name for Hep A

A

infectious hepatitis

58
Q

What causes Hepatitis B

A

Hepatitis B virus

59
Q

What are some symptoms of Hep B

A

Jaundice

60
Q

What type of cancer is associated with Hep B

A

Liver cancers

61
Q

How does one get Hep B

A

Infected needles
Sex
Vaginal canal (to babies)

62
Q

How can Hep B cause Permanent liver damage

A

When someone has Hep B and Hep D infections

63
Q

What causes Hep C

A

Hepatits C virus

64
Q

What are symptoms of Hep C

A

Chronic Flu like

65
Q

What accounts for most non-A and non-B hepatitis infections in the US

A

Hep C

66
Q

How is Hep C transmitted

A

Infected Needles, organs, blood

Sex

67
Q

What causes Hep D

A

Hepatits D virus

68
Q

What Hepatitis plays a role in triggering liver cancer

A

Hep D

69
Q

What causes Hep E

A

Hepatits E infection

70
Q

What type of Hepatitis causes death in 20% of pregnant women

A

Hep E

71
Q

What is another name for Hep E

A

Enteric Hepatitis

72
Q

How does one get Hep E

A

Fecal-oral route

Contaminated Seafood, pigs, cows, water

73
Q

What causes Giardiasis

A

Giardia intestinalis

74
Q

What is a symptom of Giardiasis

A

Rottem egg smelling stool
Water diarrhea
abdominal pain

75
Q

What is another name for Giardiasis

A

Beaver fever

76
Q

What is the most common waterborne GI disease in the US

A

Giardiasis

77
Q

How does one get Giardiasis

A

Ingesting cysts in contaminated water or when swimming

78
Q

What causes Cryptosporidosis

A

Cryptosporidium parvum

79
Q

What are symptoms of Cryptosporidiosis

A

Severe diarrhea
Headache
Muscular pain
Cramping

80
Q

how does one get Cryptosporidosis

A

Drinking contaminated water

81
Q

What is another name for Cryptosporidosis

A

Cryptosporidium enteritis

82
Q

What causes Amebiasis

A

Entamoeba histolytica

83
Q

What type of Amebiasis is asymptomatic

A

Luminal amebaisis

84
Q

What type of Amebiasis causes severe diarrhea, colitis, appendicitis

A

Invasive amebic dysentery

85
Q

What type of Amebiasis causes necrotic leions

A

Invasive extraintestinal amebiasis

86
Q

What percentage of Amebiasis is asymptomatic

A

90%

87
Q

what causes Cyclosporiasis

A

Cyclospora Cayetanensis

88
Q

What have Cyclosporiasis outbreaks been linked to

A

Contaminated Raspberries

89
Q

What two types of Tapewoms are asymptomatic, or just wt loss

A

Taenia Saginata

Taenia Solium

90
Q

What type of tapeworm causes wt loss and megaloblastic anemia

A

Diphyllobothrium latum

91
Q

What type of tapeworm has hydatic cysts in the liver

A

Echinococcus granulosus

92
Q

How does one get Taenia Saginata

A

Consumption undercooked beef

93
Q

How does one get Taenia solium

A

Consumption of undercooked pork

94
Q

What types of tapeworms have proglottids (segments)

A

Taenia saginata

Taenia Solium

95
Q

How does one get Diphyllobothrium latum

A

consumption of undercooked fish

96
Q

What a tapeworm infection caused by diphyllobothrium latum also called

A

Diphyllobothriasis

97
Q

How does one get Echinococcus granulosus

A

Consumption of food or water contaminated from dog feces

98
Q

What is Canine tapeworm

A

Echinococcus Granulosus

99
Q

What causes Ascariasis

A

Ascaris Lumbricoides

100
Q

Is Ascariasis symptomatic or asymptomatic

A

Acymptomatic

101
Q

What is the most common nematode infection of humans world wide

A

Ascariasis

102
Q

How does one get Ascariasis

A

Ingest eggs in water or vegies

103
Q

What causes Hookworm infections in the GI tract

A

Nacator americanus

Ancylostoma duodenale

104
Q

What are symptoms of a hookworm infection in the GI tract

A

Ground itich
Anemia
Iron + protein deficiencies

105
Q

What is the second most common nematode GI infection worldwide

A

Hookworm

106
Q

What causes Pinworm infestations

A

Enterobius Vermicularis

107
Q

What is the major symptom of Pinworm

A

Intense perianal itiching at night

108
Q

What is the most common parasitic worm in the US (Mainly children)

A

Pinworm infection

109
Q

How does one get a pinworm infection

A

Infected Bedding

Person to person after scratching

110
Q

What cause Dracunculiasis

A

Dracunculus Medinensis

111
Q

What is a symptom of a Dracunculiasis infection

A

Worm forms a blister, generally on foot

112
Q

How does one get a Dracunculiasis infection

A

Ingesting water contaminated with copepods

113
Q

What is another name for Dracunculiasis

A

Guinea worm disease

114
Q

How is the Dracunculiasis worm removed

A

Winding the worm on a stick

115
Q

What causes Trichinosis

A

Trichinella Spialis

116
Q

What are symptoms of Trichinosis

A

Muscle pain

muscle weakness

117
Q

Are most cases of Trichinosis asymptomatic

A

yes

118
Q

What is another name for Trichinosis

A

Trichinellosis

119
Q

Is Trichinosis common in the US

A

No

120
Q

Hoe does one get Trichinosis

A

Ingesting undercooked pork containing cysts

Micro biology (7 decks)

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