Respiratory System Flashcards
Which cranial nerve stimulates the diaphragm?
phrenic
rhythm generating and integrative center for respiration
ventral respiratory group in medulla oblongata
controlling breathing at rest is aimed primarily at
H+ concentration in the brain
low co2 levels in blood
hypocapnia
hering-breuer reflex
keeps lungs from overfilling
increased ventilation due to metabolic needs
hyperpnea
Types of COPD
chronic bronchitis asthma TB emphysema - breakdown of alveoli lung cancer
Frequent consequences of COPD
hypoventilation hypoxemia respiratory acidosis coughing/ recurring infections dyspnea
Emphysema
breakdown of alveoli, reduces surface area
severe shortness of breath, can’t take in enough air to blow out a match
chronic debilitation, body starves for oxygen, heart disease
scar tissue deep within respiratory system
barrel chest
lung cancer
also related to cancer of lip, larynx, lungs
caused by repeated inhalation of irritating substances
90% of patients are smokers
most die 1 year within diagnosis(7% survive 5 years)
intrapulmonary pressure
pressure in alveoli
intrapleural pressure
pressure in pleural cavity, outside lungs, always negative to intrapulmonary
keeps alveoli inflated
transpulmonary pressure
pressure difference between Ppul and Pip (Ppul-Pip), the larger the difference, the larger the lungs
what do you call it when a lung collapses?
atelectasis or pneumothorax
normal, quiet breathing, about 500ml
tidal volume
