Joints And Articulations

Question 0

Peg in socket
Synarthrotic
Periodontal ligament
Fibrous

Answer 0

Gomphoses

Question 1

Synarthrotic, bones of skull, fibrous

Answer 1

Sutures

Question 2

Bones connected by ligaments
Length of ligament determines mobility of the joint
Distal articulation of tibia and fibula (synarthrotic)

Answer 2

Syndesmoses

Question 3

Fibrocartilage sandwiched between hyaline cartilage

Strong and flexible

Amphiarthrotic

Answer 3

Symphysis

Example, pubic symphysis and fibrocartilaginous intervertebral discs

Question 4

Hyaline cartilage
Synarthrotic
Epiphyseal plates
First rib and manubrium

Answer 4

Synchondroses

Question 5

General anatomy of joints

Answer 5

Articular cartilage

Joint synovial cavity - contains synovial fluid

Articular capsule - outer fibrous layer (DRCT)
Inner synovial membrane
Reinforcing ligaments
Nerves and blood vessels

Question 6

Reinforcing ligaments

Answer 6

Capsular (intrinsic) thickened portions of the fibrous layer of the Articular capsule

Extra capsular
Intracapsular deep to capsule, not within

Question 7

Synovial fluid

Answer 7

Weeping lubrication
Phagocytic cells
Thins and becomes less viscous with activity

Question 8

Where are fatty pads?

Answer 8

Between fibrous layer and the synovial membrane or bone of Articular capsule

Question 9

Meniscus

Answer 9

Articular discs
Wedges of Fibrocartilage
Improve the fit between articulating bone ends

Question 10

Bursae

Answer 10

Flattened fibrous sacs lined with synovial membrane and contains a thin film of synovial fluid

Question 11

Tendon sheath

Answer 11

Essentially an elongated bursa that wraps completely around a tendon bun in a hotdog
Common where several tendons are crowded together

Question 12

Factors influencing stability of synovial joints

Answer 12

Shapes of Articular surfaces
Muscle tone
Number and positioning of ligaments

Question 13

Flexion

Answer 13

Bending movement that decreases the angle and brings the articulating bones close together

Question 14

Extension

Answer 14

Increases the angle between bones. Usually restores position in natural setting

Question 15

Movements beyond anatomical position

Answer 15

Hyperextension

Question 16

Abduction

Answer 16

Movement of a limb away from the midline

Question 17

Adduction is bringing it back

Answer 17

Yep

Question 18

Rotation

Answer 18

Turning a bone around it’s own long axis

Question 19

Supination and pronation

Hold the sup. pro it on the floor

Answer 19

Yep

Pronation moves the distal end of the radius across the ulna so the two bones form an X

Question 20

Dorsiflexion and plantar Flexion

Answer 20

Dorsiflexion foot toward shin

Plantar Flexion ballet dancer

Question 21

Inversion and eversion

Answer 21

Inversion sole faces medially

Eversion sole faces laterally

Foot movement

Question 22

Protraction and retraction

Answer 22

Chicken head and mandible

Non angular anterior and posterior movements

Question 23

Elevation and depression

Answer 23

Lifting or lowering

Scapula and mandible