Respiratory System Flashcards
What are the parts of the Respiratory system?
- Nose/Mouth
- Pharynx
- Larynx
- Trachea
- Bronchi
- Bronchioles
- Alveoli
Pharynx
Food & Air pass through here
Larynx
Home of the vocal cords. Covered by epiglottis when swallowing
Trachea
Anterior to esophagus
Virus
S&S:
- high fever
- chills
- significant body aches
- headache
- sore throat
- fatigue
- stuff nose
- cough
- sneezing
Influenza
- Overconstriction of bronchioles usually due to environmental trigger.
- In respiratory tract person may have mast cells in tissue with IgE antibodies that react to pollen, dust, etc.
If exposed to things their sensitive too, mast cells/basophils will release histamine in the area
Asthma
Alveoli
Where gas exchange occurs
What is the function of surfactant?
Decreases surface tension so alveoli do not collapse between breathes
- Increases lung compliance
Fluid between visceral and parietal membranes of pleura
Pleural Effusion
Infection of alveoli causes swelling and fluid accumulation in alveoli
- impairs gas exchange
-leading to shortness of breath
- severe fatigue
- fever
Pneumonia
Air accumulation in pleural cavity
Can lead to collapse of lung
S&S:
- chest pain
- SOB
- Cough
- Anxiety
Pneumothorax
Inflammation of pleura
S&S:
- Sharp chest pain upon inhalation
Pleurisy/Pleuritis
Deep Vein Thrombosis
- contraindication for massage
PE will block blood from Right ventricle from reaching lung tissue
S&S:
- Chest pain worse with inhalation
- SoB
- Cough
- Anxiety
Can become cyanotic if large enough
Pulmonary Embolism
Destruction of elastic tissue in alveoli so lungs cannot recoil.
Can lead to air trapping in alveoli
COPD: Emphysema
Caused by smoking and irreversible
Swelling and mucus accumulation in bronchi
COPD: Chronic Bronchitis
Cause be smoking and irreversible
