Bones & Muscles Flashcards
Describe smooth muscle
- Involuntary
- Non-striated
- Found in Organs
Describe skeletal muscle
- Voluntary
- Striated
- Moves Bones
Describe cardiac muscle
- Involuntary
- Striated
What are the proteins that make up Skeletal and Cardiac muscle?
- Actin
- Myosin
- Tropomyosin
- Troponin
What are the proteins that make up Smooth muscle?
- Actin
- Myosin
- Tropomyosin
- Calmodulin
Which skull bones articulate with each other?
Parietal bone articulates with the Frontal, Temporal, and Occipital bones
What are the landmarks of the Temporal bone?
- Mastoid process
- External auditory meatus
- Styloid process
- Zygomatic process
What are the bones in the face that have sinus cavities?
- Frontal
- Ethmoid
- Maxilla
- Sphenoid
Where are the upper teeth embedded?
Maxilla
Where are the lower teeth embeded?
Mandible
What is the hard palate made of?
Maxilla & Palatine
What are the muscles of mastication?
- Buccinator
- Internal Pterygoid
- Temporalis
- External Pterygoid
- Masseter
Which muscle causes blinking and squinting?
Orbicularis Oculis
Which vertebrae has no body and no spinous process?
Atlas - C1
Which vertebrae contains a Dens or odontoid process?
Axis - C2
What are the true ribs?
Ribs 1-7
What are the false ribs?
Ribs 8-10
They have an indirect attachment to the sternum via cartilaginous mass
Which are the floating ribs?
Ribs 11 and 12
What is the Diagnosis:
S&S:
- Pain in the neck that radiates down arm into specific dermatome, could be weakness in specific myotome
Cervical Nerve Root Impingement
Which tests test for Cervical Nerve Root Impingement?
- Foraminal Compression Test
- Distraction Test
What is the Diagnosis:
S&S:
- Pain in the neck that radiates down
- no specific dermatome
Brachial Plexus Lesion
What test could be applied to test for Brachial Plexus Lesion?
Shoulder Depression Test
What is the Diagnosis:
S&S:
- Restricted ROM upon cervical movement
Tight muscles or Tight Joint capsules within cervical region
If a person is positive on the O’donohue Manueuver what is their diagnosis?
O’donohue’s Maneuver applies to cervical muscles - Trapezius, SCM
Tight muscles or Tight Joint capsules within the cervical region
What is the Diagnosis:
S&S:
- Local pain most commonly in cervical or lumbar region
- Positive for Kemps Test
– extending & rotating in area of pain
Facet Joint Dysfunction
What is the Diagnosis:
Patient is positive for Adam’s test.
- i.e. patient touches toes and dr. notices hump, depression, or lateral curvature in this position
Scoliosis
What is the Diagnosis:
S&S:
- low back pain radiating down back of leg, worse in flexion
Positive for Straight Leg Raise
Positive for Bragard’s Test (dorsiflex ankle)
Positive for Well Leg Raise (raise good leg)
Disc herniation/Sciatica
What is the Diagnosis:
S&S:
- Pain/numbness in medial aspect of forearm into 4th and 5th fingers
- coldness & disappearance of pulse
Positive for Adson Maneuver - look toward Dr
Positive for Halstead Maneuver - look away from Dr
Positive for Roos Test - hold arms up and flex fingers
Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
- Brachial plexus, subclavian artery and vein are being compressed in thoracic outlet
List the order of the carpal bones
Lateral to Medial
Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetrum, Pisiform
Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, Hamate
Pollicus
Thumb
Hallicus
Big toe
