Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy/Physiology 3 > Respiratory System > Flashcards

Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

Name the structures in the Upper Respiratory tract

A

Paranasal sinuses
Nasal Conchae
nose
nasal cavity
nasopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Name the structures in the lower respiratory tract

A

larynx
trachea
bronchi
lungs
bronchioles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What type of cells secrete pleura?

A

Simple squamous cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What happens when someone experiences a pneumothorax?

A

This happens because air entered the pleura which causes the lungs to detach from the ribs
i.e. a collapsed lung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Cleans and warms inhaled air
Protects cells from dehydration
Made up of__ except ____

A

The conducting zone
everything but the respiratory bronchioles, alveolar sacs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Ciliated mucous lines the conducting zone, ____ ciliated ____ line conducting zone except for ___ and ____
These are lines with ____ _____

A

pseudostratified ciliated columnar
the oral and laryngeal pharynx
stratified squamous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The pharynx is broken up into what parts __,__,__

A

nasal, oral and laryngeal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Coughing happens because of the nerve endings in the ____. ____ help move the foreign objects up the trachea.

A

carina. cilia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the pathway of air?

A

Nostrils
nasal vestibule
nasal cavity
nasal conchae
posterior nasal aperture
pharynx
larynx
trachea
left and right bronchi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Nasal septum, perpendicular plate and hyaline cartilage separate what?

A

separates the nasal cavity into right and left

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Pathogens get stuck in the mucous, it humidifies air, creates turbulence and it allows for one to smell better

A

nasal conchae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

__ and ___ make up the hard palate

A

maxilla and palatine bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

soft palate

A

Separates the nasal and oral cavity
closes the nasal passage when eating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

hyoid bone dictates the start of ____

A

laryngealpharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

larynx

A

voice box/chord which sits behind the adams apple or “laryngeal prominence”
epiglottis, thyroid, and cricoid cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the difference between vocal and vestibular folds?

A

Vocal fold are considered to be the true ones because theses are the ones that make sound
Vestibular folds can’t create sound because not elastic enough and they close the glottis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Tracheostomys take place where and what is it
“smokers tube”

A

in the criocoid thyroid ligament
it helps get air into the lungs by an making an opening in the trachea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

When vocal fold are open, it creates a ___ voice, if they’re closed then it creates a ____ ____ voice

A

Deep
high pitch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What do the intrinsic and extrinsic laryngeal muscle do?

A

Intrinsic muscles regulate tension in vocal chords, and opening of glottis
extrinsic connects the larynx to nearby structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the Valsalva maneuver

A

blowing air with your nose closed
the vestibule fold prevents air from escaping which causes pressure in abdomen
this helps with pooping, lighting weights and delivery of child

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What causes the epiglottis to close?

A

the hyoid bone is pulled down while larynx moves up

22
Q

hyaline cartilage, avascular weaker
esophagus is posterior
pseudostratified ciliated columnar lines the thing
___ muscle, and ___ closes the rings

A

trachea
smooth muscle and trachialis

23
Q

branching of the bronchus
the more branching, the less ___ ____ and the more of ____ tissue, and ____ muscle

A

bronchi, bronchioles, alveolar ducts, then sacs
hyaline cartilage
elastic tissue
smooth muslce

24
Q

Type 1 alveolar cells vs type 2

A

Type 1 are simple squamous and type two secrete surfactant, which
reduces surface tension
doesn’t allow alveoli to collapse
more concentrated as alveoli get smallervcb

25
Q

Emphysema

A

chronic degradation of lungs, which will affect flow of air and blood
caused by expose to pollution or smoking
people can also have chronic bronchitis

26
Q

Chronic bronchitis

A

inflammation and excess mucus in bronchial tubes

27
Q

Asthma

A

tightening of the smooth muscle in conducting airways
inflammation
shortness of breath

28
Q

gas exchange depends on what

A

partial pressure differences
large SA
small diffusion distance across respiratory membrane

29
Q

O2 and CO2 diffuse from __ to __ partial pressures

A

high to low

30
Q

Name the control centers of breathing and what they do

A

medulla and pons which contain chemoreceptors that sense pH and CO2 concentration
pons-regulates actual breathing (ventilation rate)
medulla-signals muscles
INVOLUNTARY

31
Q

High CO2 causes ___ pH;
Low CO2 causes ___ pH;

A

low, and high

32
Q

Acidosis, Alkalosis, and how it affects respiration rate

A

it’s decreased blood pH and will increase respiration rate (hyperventilation)
increased blood pH and decreases respiration rate

33
Q

__ and ___ affect hemoglobins affinity for oxygen

A

pH and CO2 concentration
even temperature

34
Q

if there is a low level of blood pH how does it affect the curve and affinity

A

low pH lowers affinity for o2 and curve will shift right

35
Q

Tidal Volume (calm waves)

A

amount of air exhaled or inhaled during quiet breathing

36
Q

expiratory reserve volume

A

air that can be forced out after tidal volume

37
Q

inspiratory reserve volume

A

amount of air that can be forced in after tidal volume

38
Q

residual volume

A

amount of air left in lungs lungs after max expiration

39
Q

vital capacity

A

max amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after max inhalation
IRV+ERV+TV

40
Q

total lung capacity

A

amount of gas in lungs after max inspirtion
vital capacity + residual vol

41
Q

inspiratory capacity

A

amount of gas that can be inspired after normal expiration
total lung-functional residual capacity (RV+ ERV)
IRV+TV

42
Q

Functional residual capacity

A

amount of air left in lungs after normal expiration
RV+ERV

43
Q

Spirometer/gram and Barometer

A

spirometer measures respiratory volumes by breathing in and out of a machine the record volume and frequency
while barometer measures atmospheric pressure

44
Q

which muscles raises ribcage during inspiration
which muscles lowers ribcage during expiration
(forcefully)

A

external intercostal
internal intercostal

45
Q

1.these are specific glycoproteins in membrane of RBC and what two are used to type blood
2. y-shpaed immune system proteins that are produced because of a foreign antigen

A

1.Antigens
ABO system and Rh system
2.antibodies

46
Q

agglutination

A

clumping of RBC
antibody is mixed with corresponding antigen and phagocytizes it
happens when theres an incompatible blood transfusion because antibodies in recipient plasma binds to the antigen in donor blood

47
Q

When are anti a, and rh antibodies produced?

A

Anti A and B are produced after expose to Rh antigen
Anti Rh are produced during blood transfusion or pregnancy

48
Q

magic breath, effect of co2 on pH

A

Phenolphthalein is the indicator
pink means basic >8.3
clear means acidic <8.3

49
Q

Negatives can ONLY receive from the same negative antigen and O
Negatives can donate to anyone who has the antigen present (+/-)

A
50
Q

Positives can receive from same antigen (+/-) and O
Positives can donate to only positive who has antigen present

A
51
Q

Universal donor
Universal Recipient

A

O- (con: can only receive from O-)
AB+ (can only donate to AB+)

Anatomy/Physiology 3 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions