respiratory system Flashcards
Nasal cavity
Entry and exit of air
- Hair lining to filter debris, mucus lined to trap particles and keep lining moist
Pharynx
Passageway for air
Epiglottis
Lid the covers your trachea when swallowing
Larynx
Vocal cords, 2 elastic ligaments that vibrate to cause sound
Trachea
Passageway for air
- Mucus and cilia sweep debris. Supported by Cartilage rings, keeping it open
Bronchi
Carry air into the right and left lungs
Bronchiole
Deliver air to the network of alveoli
Alveoli
Tiny, grape-like sacs. Site of gas exchange
- Surrounded by capillaries. Single layer cells for more rapid gas exchange.
- Surfactant lining to prevent alveoli membranes from sticking to each other.
Pleural membrane
Reduces friction between lungs and chest cavity
Diaphragm
Dome-shaped sheet of muscle that separates thoracic cavity from abdominal cavity
Intercostal Muscles
Muscles within ribcage
Gas exchange
- Air enters alveoli has a high concentration of O2, O2 will diffuse from the high concentration alveoli to low concentration capillaries.
- Blood from capillaries has a high concentration of CO2, CO2 will diffuse from high concentration capillaries to low concentration alveoli.
Pathway of O2
Atmostphere to nasal cavity to trachea to brochi to bronchiles to alveoli to capillaries to blood to body
Inhalation
Diaphragm contracts moving up and intercostal muscles contract pulling ribs up and out. Pressure in lungs is less than pressure in the atmosphere, drawing air into the lungs.
- Body to blood to capillaries to alveoli to bronchioles to bronchi to trachea to nasal cavity to atmostphere.
Exhalation
Diaphragm relaxes moving down and intercostal muscles relax pulling ribs in and out. Pressure in lungs is greater than pressure in the atmosphere, forcing air out of the lungs.
