Respiratory System Flashcards
Tidal volume
Volume inspired or expired with each normal breath
Inspiration reserve volume
Maximum volume that can be inspired over the inspiration of a tidal volume/normal breath
Expiration reserve volume
Maximal volume that can be expired after the expiration of a tidal volume/normal breath
Residual volume
Volume that remains in lungs after a maximal expertion
Inspiratory capacity
Volume of maximal inspiration
IRV + TV
Functional residual capacity
Volume of gas remaining in lung after normal expiration, ERV + RV
Vital capacity
Volume of maximal inspiration and expiration: IRV + TV + ERV = IC + ERV
Total lung capacity
volume of the lung after maximal inspiration. The sum of all four lung volumes,
Conducting zone
no gas exchange takes place
-air is warmed and moistened
Respiratory zone
surrounded by capillaries
- site of gas exchange
~(CO2 out O2 in)
Alveoli
Site of gaseous exchange
Large surface area
Why do we respire?
Cell require energy (ATP) to function
ATP is stored in limited quantities in cells
Generate ATP via metabolism which requires O2
During metabolism CO2 is produced
Breathing-required for O2 to enter blood stream to be transported to cells + expel CO2
Boyle law
decreasing volume increase collisions and increases pressure
Pressure moves along a pressure gradient.
Inspiration
Inspiratory muscle contraction (external intercostal muscle + diaphragm)
Increase lung volume
Decrease in intrapulmonary pressure
Change in pressure gradient inspiration
Inspiration
Expiration
Inspiratory muscle relax + recoil
Decrease lung volume
Increase in intrapulmonary pressure
Change in pressure gradient
Expiration
