Respiratory System

Question 1

Respiratory System

Answer 1

Inhale oxygen into lungs, exhale carbon dioxide

Question 2

Respiration

Answer 2

Process of supplying oxygen to cells and removing carbon dioxide from them

Question 3

Inspiration

Answer 3

Inhalation

Question 4

Expiration

Answer 4

Exhalation

Question 5

Ventilation

Answer 5

Inhaling and exhaling

Question 6

Upper respiratory tract

Answer 6

Nose, nasal cavaties, pharynx, larynx

Question 7

Lower respiratory tract

Answer 7

Trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli

Question 8

Pharynx

Answer 8

Throat

Question 9

Larynx

Answer 9

Contains vocal cords

Question 10

Epiglottis

Answer 10

Flap over larynx that prevents food and liquids from entering airways during swallowing, and opens during inhalation to let air into trachea

Question 11

Trachea

Answer 11

Windpipe. Divides at lower end into right and left bronchus

Question 12

Bronchus

Answer 12

Divided into left and right lung. Divides into smaller branches called bronchioles

Question 13

Bronchioles

Answer 13

Small “branches” that end with tiny air sacs called alveoli

Question 14

Alveoli

Answer 14

Look like a “cluster of grapes.” Composed of very thin membrane. Are surrounded by large numbers of capillaries. They exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide with these capillaries.

Question 15

Capillaries

Answer 15

Blood in capillaries pick up oxygen from alveoli and carry it to the left side of the heart (and then it is pumped through the body). Alveoli pick up carbon dioxide from capillaries and it is expelled through exhalation.

Question 16

Lungs

Answer 16

Spongy tissue filled with alveoli, blood vessels, connective tissue, and nerves. It is divided into lobes

Question 17

Left lung

Answer 17

Has 2 lobes

Question 18

Right lung

Answer 18

Has 3 lobes

Question 19

Thoracic cavity

Answer 19

Where the lungs and airways are located

Question 20

Diaphragm

Answer 20

A muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity. Moves the lungs

Question 21

Pleura

Answer 21

Two layer sac that covers lungs. One is attached to lung, the other to chest wall.

Question 22

Process of respiration (8)

Answer 22

1. Inhale through nose/mouth
2. Air moves into pharynx (throat)
3. Epiglottis lifts up
4. Air passes over larynx (vocal cord)
5. Air moves down trachea (windpipe)
6. Enters bronchi (in the right and left lung)
7. Bronchioles (branches)
8. Then finally, alvioli (clusters), where it then enters the blood through capillaries and is carried to the left side of the heart. Carbon monoxide is exchanged at the alvioli and we remove it when we breathe out.

Question 23

Asthma

Answer 23

Air passages constrict, causing breathing difficulty. Symptoms include SOB, wheezing, fast HR, and cyanosis

Question 24

Pneumonia

Answer 24

A lung infection where alveoli become filled with pus, mucous, and liquid. Symptoms include chest pain, chills, SOB, fever, and cyanosis

Question 25

Bronchitis

Answer 25

Inflammation of the bronchi. May be chronic or acute. Symptoms include SOB, cough, fever, and fatigue.

Question 26

Emphysema

Answer 26

Damage to the alveoli. Symptoms include wheeze, SOB, lung infections, and cyanosis

Question 27

COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)

Answer 27

Umbrella term for a group of respiratory disease (bronchitis, asthma, emphysema). Obstructive = blocked air flow. Damage cannot be undone

Question 28

Choking

Answer 28

Blocked airway (person cannot talk)

Question 29

Aspiration

Answer 29

Breathing in an object that is not meant to be there