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Ongoing Conditions > Musculoskeletal System > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

The musculoskeletal system

A

Bones, joints, and muscles.

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2
Q

Joints

A

Where 2 bones meet to allow movement

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3
Q

Connective tissue

A

Anchors, connects, and supports other body tissue

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4
Q

Cartilage

A

Connective tissue that cushions joints

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5
Q

Ligaments

A

Strong bands of connective tissue (connects bones, supports joints)

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6
Q

Synovial membrane

A

Lines joints, and contains synovial fluid (lubricates joints)

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7
Q

Skeletal muscle

A

Muscle attached to bone

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8
Q

Smooth muscle

A

Muscle in the stomach, intestines, and blood vessels

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9
Q

Cardiac muscle

A

Muscle in the heart

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10
Q

Closed/simple fracture

A

Bone breaks but there is no puncture in skin

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11
Q

Open/compounded fracture

A

Broken bone breaks through the skin

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12
Q

Compression fracture

A

Bones get pushed together

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13
Q

Fragmented fracture

A

There are many pieces

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14
Q

Complete fracture

A

Bone is completely broken

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15
Q

Partial fracture

A

Bone is only cracked

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16
Q

Reduction

A

Brings ends of bones together

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17
Q

Closed reduction

A

Reduction done without opening the skin

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18
Q

Open reduction

A

Reduction done by opening the skin

19
Q

Open reduction with internal fixation

A

Reduction done by opening the skin and pins, plates, or wires are inserted to hold the bones in place

20
Q

Cast care

A
  1. Keep dry
  2. Report signs of pain, infection, swelling, or abnormal sensations
  3. Plaster dries in 24-28 hours, do not dent or overheat
21
Q

Traction

A

1.Immobilizes by pulling bones into alignment
2. Types of tractions - skin, cervical, skeletal
3. Check pin site or contact site for signs of breakdown or infection

22
Q

Braces

A

Support fracture when cast or splint cannot be applied

23
Q

Splint

A

Immobilizes when cast cannot be applied

24
Q

Hip fracture

A
  1. Usually requires surgery
  2. Slower healing in elderly
  3. Increased anxiety and fear with mobility
25
Q

Spine fracture

A
  1. May require surgery
  2. Immobilization required
  3. May cause paralysis or change in sensations
26
Q

Skull fracture

A
  1. Occasionally requires surgery
  2. May cause brain injury or irritation to blood vessels/brain tissue
  3. Protect from further injury
27
Q

Osteomyelitis

A

Osteo (bone) myelo (marrow) itis (inflammation)
Inflammation/infection of the bone marrow

28
Q

Amputation

A
  1. Can be caused by accident or surgery
  2. Can cause phantom pain
  3. Prosthetic is fitted after healing, requires rehab to learn how to use
29
Q

Osteoperosis

A

Osteo (bone) poro (porous) osis (condition)
Condition that causes porous bones.

30
Q

Fibromyalgia

A

Aches, pains, stiffness in muscles, and fatigue. Has no cure

31
Q

Lupus

A

Chronic auto immune disease that can affect any body part, causes inflammation and tissue damage

32
Q

Scleroderma

A

Rare, chronic disorders that cause hardening of skin

33
Q

Gout (metabolic arthritis)

A

A build up of ulric acid in the joint cartilage, causes pain, swelling, and redness

34
Q

Osteoarthritis

A

Caused by wear and tear, causes inflammation and and joint pain

35
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis

A

Caused by autoimmune disorder, causes joint pain and inflammation, and deformities in fingers. Is symmetrical. May affect lungs and other systems.

36
Q

Hinge joint

A

Allow movement in 1 direction

37
Q

Pivot joint

A

Allow to turn side to side

38
Q

Ball and socket joint

A

Allow movement in all direction

39
Q

Long bone

A

Hard and dense, provide strength, structure, mobility

40
Q

Short bone

A

Cube shaped, allow skill and ease in movement

41
Q

Flat bone

A

Thin, flat, and curved, protect organs

42
Q

Irregular bone

A

Irregular shaped with bony projections, allow muscle attachment

43
Q

Sesamoid bone

A

Short or irregular bone that are embedded in and protect tendon (e.x., knee cap)

Ongoing Conditions (9 decks)

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