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Bio Exam 5 > Respiratory System > Flashcards

Respiratory System Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

The function of the respiratory system is to :

A

bring in oxygen into the body and remove carbon dioxide.

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2
Q

This type of tissue covers and lines body parts

  1. Connective
  2. Epithelial
  3. Muscle
  4. Nervous
A
  1. Epithelial
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3
Q

Respiratory tract is lined with:

  1. Connective
  2. Epithelial
  3. Muscle
  4. Nervous
A
  1. Epithelial
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4
Q

Respiratory tract is lined with:

A

pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelial cells

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5
Q

Mucus is produced by ________

A

goblet cells

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6
Q

Smoking damages the ________

A

ciliated cells

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7
Q

Nasal cavity Functions

A
  1. filters the air
  2. warms the air
  3. moisten the air entering the lungs
  4. smell (which also plays a role in
    the sense of taste)
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8
Q

Parts of the nasal cavity:

A

mucus membranes, olfactory receptor cells, sinuses,

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9
Q

Mucus membranes are:

A

membranes that secrete sticky mucus to trap germs & debris.

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10
Q

Sinuses are:

A

air filled cavities, warm and moisten air

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11
Q

Pharynx Functions:

A

is a passageway for air, liquids, and food. (swallowing begins here). Connects the nasal cavity to the esophagus and the larynx

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12
Q

Swallowing begins at the ______

A

Pharynx

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13
Q

The ____ connects the nasal cavity to the esophagus and the larynx

A

pharynx

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14
Q

Tonsils are found in the _____

A

Pharynx

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15
Q

What are tonsils?

A

lymphatic tissue that protects against infection

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16
Q

Larynx connects the ______ to the

A

pharynx, trachea

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17
Q

_______ Contains vocal cords used to generate sound

A

Larynx

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18
Q

_______ Prevents food from entering lower respiratory tract

A
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19
Q

The larynx is a Structure made from ______

A

cartilage

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20
Q

_______ closes the trachea when swallowing

A

Epiglottis

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21
Q

Trachea is _____

A

Windpipe held open by concentric rings of cartilage

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22
Q

_____ Connects the larynx to the bronchi.

A

trachea

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23
Q

Trachea leads to the _______

A

bronchial tree

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24
Q

What makes up the bronchial tree?

A
  1. Bronchi (bronchus)
  2. Bronchioles
  3. Alveoli (alveolus)
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25
Q

Alveoli are :

A

Sacs at the end of the bronchioles, they are

surrounded by blood capillaries .

26
Q

Alveoli function:

A

It is here that the oxygen diffuses
across the membrane into the capillaries, and
carbon dioxide goes from the capillaries to the
inside of the lungs.

27
Q

The structure of the alveoli ______(increases/decreases) surface area of lung

A

increases

28
Q

For alveoli to function properly they are coated with _______ that keep them open

A

phospholipid molecules surfactant

29
Q

What cells secrete mucus

  1. cilliated columnar epi
  2. goblet
  3. squamous epi
  4. osteocytes
A
  1. goblet
30
Q

The tube connecting the larynx to the primary bronchi is

  1. pharynx
  2. trachea
  3. bronchioles
  4. alveoli
A
  1. trachea
31
Q

Common passageway for air, food and drink

  1. pharynx
  2. trachea
  3. bronchioles
  4. alveoli
A
  1. pharynx
32
Q

Conducts air from the trachea to the bronchioles

  1. pharynx
  2. trachea
  3. bronchus
  4. alveolus
A
  1. bronchus
33
Q

Gas exchange takes place here

  1. pharynx
  2. trachea
  3. bronchioles
  4. alveoli
A
  1. alveoli
34
Q

The flap that covers the entrance to the larynx is

  1. pharynx
  2. Trachea
  3. Uvula
  4. Epiglottis
  5. Vocal cords
  6. tongue
  7. alveoli
A
  1. Epiglottis
35
Q

Which cavity is the lung located in?

  1. abdominal
  2. pericardial
  3. pleural
  4. dorsal
A
  1. pleural
36
Q 
What type of cells line the alveoli?
A. PSCC epi
B. Simple Columnar 
Epi
C. Simple Squamous 
epi
D. Stratisfied
Squamous epi
E. Simple cuboidal 
epi
A

C. Simple Squamous

epi

37
Q 
What type of cells line the trachea?
A. PSCC epi
B. Simple Columnar 
Epi
C. Simple Squamous 
epi
D. Stratisfied
Squamous epi
E. Simple cuboidal 
epi
A

A. PSCC epi

38
Q

Durning inhalation the _____ and ______ contract

A

diaphragm and intercostal muscles

39
Q

Inhalation is also called _______

A

inspiration

40
Q

Exhalation = ______

A

Expiration

41
Q

When the same muscles relax, volume of

the thoracic cavity ______ (increases/decreases)

A

decreases

42
Q

The volume of air inhaled or exhaled

during a normal breath is called the ______

A

tidal volume

43
Q

Inspiratory reserve volume = __________

A

forced inhalation volume

44
Q

Expiratory reserve volume = ________

A

forced exhalation volume

45
Q

Residual volume is the amount of _______

A

air left in the lungs after forced exhalation

46
Q

Vital capacity is the amount of air _____

A

brought in and out of the lungs during forced breathing

47
Q 
Which is the amount of air brought in and out of the lungs during forced breathing
A. Vital capacity
B. Residual volume
C. Tidal volume
D. Total lung capacity
A

A. Vital capacity

48
Q 
Which is the amount of air brought in and out of the lungs during normal breathing
A. Vital capacity
B. Residual volume
C. Tidal volume
D. Total lung capacity
A

C. Tidal volume

49
Q

Internal Respiration is when O2 and CO2 is exchanged between the
_____ and _____

A

blood vessels and tissues

50
Q

gas exchange is due to ______

A

diffusion

51
Q

Oxygen is transported on ______

A

Hemoglobin

52
Q

When Oxygen is bound to hemoglobin, then it is

called ________

A

Oxyhemoglobin

53
Q

3 different Carbon Dioxide Transport:

A
  1. CO2 is transported dissolved in the plasma (10%)
  2. CO2 is bound to hemoglobin (20%)
  3. CO2 is converted to bicarbonate ions (70%)
54
Q 
How is most of the CO2 transported in the 
blood
A. CO2 is transported 
dissolved in the 
plasma
B. CO2 is bound to 
hemoglobin
C. CO2 is converted 
to bicarbonate 
ions
A

C. CO2 is converted
to bicarbonate
ions

55
Q

Rate of breathing is controlled by the ________

region of the brain.

A

medulla oblongata

56
Q

________ in the medulla oblongata and
arteries detect levels of CO2 and O2 in the blood,
controlling the rate and depth of breathing.

A

Chemoreceptors

57
Q 
Which type of cell lines the respiratory track and produces mucus?
  A. chondrocytes 
  B. goblet 
  C. ciliated columnar epithelial cells 
  D. simple columnar epithelial cells
A

goblet

58
Q

Which of the following are air filled cavities in the nasal cavity that warm and moisten air?

sinuses

synovial sacs

alveoli

bursae

A

sinuses

59
Q

Which of the following structures connects the pharynx to the trachea?

alveoli

bronchi

bronchiole

larynx

A

larynx

60
Q

It is here where gas exchange takes place:

bronchi

bursae

alveoli

bronchiole

A

alveoli

61
Q

Which is the amount of air brought in and out of the lungs during forceful breathing?
Tidal volume

Vital capacity

Total lung capacity

Residual volume

A

Vital capacity

Bio Exam 5 (5 decks)

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