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Bio Exam 5 > REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM > Flashcards

REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Flashcards

1
Q

Gonads = ______ and ______

A

testes or ovaries

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2
Q

Gonads functions

A

Produce gametes = sperm or eggs

Produce hormones: Testes produce testosterone and Ovaries produce estrogen and progesterone

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3
Q

When sperm and egg fuse = _______

A

fertilization

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4
Q

The result of fertilization is a ______

A

zygote

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5
Q

In males, the sperm begin their development in

the _______

A

testes.

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6
Q

Sperm undergo further development in the ______

A

epididymis

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7
Q

The sperm will travel through the ______ then through the ____ and out of the body = _______.

A

vas deferens, urethra, ejaculation.

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8
Q

Along the way from the testes to the urethra,
fluid is secreted. The fluid and the sperm
together is called ______

A

semen.

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9
Q

Testes (testis, singular) Produce _______

A

sperm and testosterone

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10
Q

The testes are contained in a sac, the

_____, surrounded by muscle

A

scrotum

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11
Q

The testes are comprised of many tubes called _______

A

seminiferous tubules.

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12
Q

Interstitial cells are located between ________

A

the seminiferous tubules, these cells produce testosterone

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13
Q

Interstitial cells produce:

A

produce testosterone

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14
Q

Sperm mature and are stored here

A

Epididymis:

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15
Q

_____ conducts sperm from epididymis to the urethra.

A

Vas deferens

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16
Q

_____ conducts sperm or urine out of the body through the penis

A

Urethra

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17
Q

______ male organ for intercourse and urination

A

Penis

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18
Q

Prostate is :

A

gland that secretes fluid that makes
semen alkaline, activates the sperm and
makes them motile

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19
Q

Seminal vesicles are:

A

gland that secretes fluid that
makes up most of the volume of the semen.
The fluid contains sugar, amino acids, and
prostaglandins.

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20
Q

Bulbourethral glands are:

A

glands that secretes fluid before ejaculation, this fluid lubricates the urethra, and rinse the acidic urine from the urethra

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21
Q

Which hormone is responsible for sperm
production
A. FSH
B. LH

A

A. FSH

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22
Q

Which gland produces FSH and LH

  1. Anterior Pituitary
  2. Posterior Pituitary
  3. Hypothalamus
  4. Adrenal Cortex
A
  1. Anterior Pituitary
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23
Q 
What is the target of FSH in men?
A. Interstitial cells
B. Seminiferous tubules
C. Seminal vesicles
D. Vas deferens
E. scrotum
A

B. Seminiferous tubules

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24
Q

The sperm begin their development in the

  1. Vas deferens
  2. Testes
  3. Epididymis
  4. Urethra
A
  1. Testes
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25
They undergo further development in the 1. Vas deferens 2. Testes 3. Epididymis 4. Urethra
3. Epididymis
26
``` The gland that secretes fluid that makes up most of the volume of the semen it the: 1. Vas deferens 2. Testes 3. Seminal vesicles 4. Prostate ```
3. Seminal vesicles
27
``` The gland that secretes fluid that makes the semen alkaline (more basic) is: 1. Vas deferens 2. Testes 3. Seminal vesicles 4. Prostate ```
4. Prostate
28
Diploid cells have this many chromosomes: 1. 23 2. 46
2. 46
29
When a diploid cell undergoes mitosis, the result is a: 1. Diploid cell 2. Haploid cell
1. Diploid cell
30
Spermatogenesis occurs in the _____
outer layer of the seminiferous tubules
31
The process of spermatogenesis begins with diploid cells called _____
spermatogonia.
32
Spermatogonia undergo _____ to divide into two cells
mitosis
33
One of these cells will stay a spermatogonia, the | other cell will become a _______
primary spermatocyte
34
The primary spermatocyte will undergo ____ to create ____ secondary spermatocytes
meiosis I ,two
35
The secondary spermatocytes undergo _____ to create ____ sperm
meiosis II, four
36
Which cells undergo mitosis? A. primary spermatocyte B. The secondary spermatocytes C. spermatogonia
C. spermatogonia
37
Which cells will divide to give rise to sperm? A. primary spermatocyte B. The secondary spermatocytes C. spermatogonia
B. The secondary spermatocytes
38
The mature sperm cell has three regions:
Head, Midpiece, Tail
39
Head of the sperm contains:
contains the DNA, coated with the acrosome
40
midpiece of the sperm contains:
contains high concentration of mitochondria
41
Tail of the sperm functions as the _____
flagella for movement
42
Luteinizing hormone (LH) Produced and released by the ______
anterior pituitary
43
Luteinizing hormone (LH) Target:
stimulates the interstitial cells of the testes to produce testosterone.
44
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) Produced and released by the :
anterior pituitary
45
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) Target:
Stimulates cells in the seminiferous tubules to aid in the production of sperm.
46
_______ is produced by the interstitial cells of the testes
Testosterone
47
Testosterone Function -
essential for normal development and functioning of the male reproductive organs and sperm.
48
Females not only produce the egg, they also carry the ______
developing embryo
49
______ control the development of the egg and the preparation of uterus to support the embryo (ovarian and uterine cycles)
Hormones
50
As a fetus, diploid oogonia cells begin mitosis to form _____
primary oocytes
51
The oocytes are suspended in _____
Prophase I
52
Each month a few oocytes finish meiosis I and develop into a ______
secondary oocyte
53
Secondary oocyte stay at_____ in the metaphase stage | until the sperm fertilizes the oocyte
meiosis II
54
Oogenesis – egg development
 A woman is born with all the oocytes she will ever have (millions).  As a fetus, diploid oogonia cells begin mitosis to form primary oocytes  The oocytes are suspended in Prophase I  Each month a few oocytes finish meiosis I and develop into a secondary oocyte  They stay at meiosis II in the metaphase stage until the sperm fertilizes the oocyte
55
Ovaries function:
produce eggs (ova) and female sex hormones estrogen and progesterone
56
The cells that will become ova (eggs) are called _____
oocytes.
57
The oocytes are contained in a female’s _____ inside a _____
ovaries, follicle.
58
Follicles are groups of cells that :
support the oocytes.
59
FSH in women travels to the ovaries where it promotes the development of the_____
follicles.
60
As the follicle develops it produces _____
estrogen
61
Approximately every ____ days an oocyte will | leave the ovary = ovulation.
28 days
62
Approximately every 28 days an oocyte will | leave the ovary = _____
ovulation.
63
The follicle stays in the ovary after ovulation, and is now called the _____
corpus luteum.
64
Where does the follicle stay after ovulation?
Ovary
65
LH is produced by the anterior pituitary, | promotes:
the development of the corpus luteum.
66
The corpus luteum releases ____ and _____ to help support the uterus in preparation for the embryo
estrogen and progesterone
67
If there is a pregnancy, then the corpus luteum will be maintained by a hormone secreted by the embryo = _____
human chorionic gonadotropin
68
If there is no pregnancy, corpus luteum will ______
degenerate
69
Oviducts functions-
Conducts egg, where fertilization usually occurs.
70
Uterus functions -
the developing embryo implants in the endometrium, this is where fetus develops.
71
Implantation usually occurs about _____ days after fertilization, pregnancy begins at implantation.
6 days
72
LH travels to the ovaries where it __________
triggers ovulation and it promotes the development of the corpus luteum
73
What reproductive organ conducts the egg from the ovary to the uterus 1. Cervix 2. Oviducts 3. Vagina 4. Vas deferens
2. Oviducts
74
Where does fertilization usually occur? 1. Ovaries 2. Oviducts 3. Vagina 4. Uterus
2. Oviducts
75
What is the target of LH in women 1. endometrium 2. follicle 3. corpus luteum 4. oocyte
3. corpus luteum
76
The layers of cells that surround and support the oocytes are 1. Oogonia 2. Spermatocytes 3. Follicles 4. Cervix
3. Follicles
77
What is the target of FSH in females 1. Oogonia 2. uterus 3. Follicles 4. Cervix 5. Uterine tubes
3. Follicles
78
Females release _____ oocyte per month
one
79
Males release an average of ______ million sperm per ejaculation.
200
80
When the first sperm enters the egg, it | triggers the egg to :
put up a protective barrier to prevent other sperm from entering the egg.
81
Pregnancy - begins when implantation occurs | usually on the _____ day after fertilization.
sixth
82
Cervix function
opening to uterus, dilates to let the fetus pass through.
83
Vagina functions
birth canal and intercourse organ of the female.
84
Breasts functions:
produce milk to feed infant

Bio Exam 5 (5 decks)

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