Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Biology Exam 2 Material > Respiratory System > Flashcards

Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

_________ __________ occurs across specialized respiratory surfaces

A

Gas exchange

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How do simple animals breathe?

A

Diffusion - All of the animal’s body cells are located within 2 cells of the medium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Do earthworms have a respiratory system?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What kind of respiratory do earthworms use

A

Cutaneous (through skin) respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

True or false… earthworms have thick skin

A

False, it’s thin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where are blood vessels located in an earthworm

A

Near surface of the skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Why do earthworms surface during rain storms

A

So they do not drown from rainwater and it’s more difficult to move in wet soil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What kind of respiratory system do insects have?

A

Tracheal systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

True or false… every single cell has its own tracheole

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

As the tracheoles get smaller, it is (easier or harder) to absorb air

A

Harder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are spiracles

A

Openings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What make up the trachea rings in the tracheal system

A

Chitin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the limiting factor in the tracheal system

A

Length of the tubes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Larger insects use what to help move air throughout the system

A

Flight muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Why are giant insects impossible

A

Airflow resistance
- tube length and diameter
Diffusion rate
Chitin support limited

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How do amphibians breathe (generalize)

A

Lungs and skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How do amphibians breathe (not skin)

A

Inflate lungs with forced air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What kind of pressure is forced ventilation

A

Positive pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the steps to an amphibian breathing?

A
  1. Air into mouth
  2. Collect into buccal cavity
  3. Glottis closes
  4. Nostrils close/ buccal cavity forces air up
  5. Glottis opened
  6. Air goes to lungs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Lungs are considered what?

A

Infoldings of the body surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What type of cells are the lungs?

A

Simple squamous epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What occurs in the lungs?

A

Transport gases between the lungs and the rest of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the two gasses part of respiration

A

CO2 and O2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The size and complexity of lungs correlate to what?

A

Animals metabolic rate

25
What type of breathers are mammals
Tidal breathers
26
True or false…. Incoming air does not mix with outgoing air in mammals
False
27
What is the top of the trachea that contains the vocal cord?
Larynx
28
What helps push air out of the lungs? What kind of pressure is this?
Diaphragm Negative pressure
29
Which is larger? Nasal cavity or oral cavity
Nasal cavity
30
A system of __________ ducts conveys air into/out of the lungs
Branching
31
What happens to the air inhaled in the nostril?
Warmed- blood vessels in nose Humidified- adds moisture Filtered- hairs
32
The _________ directs air to the larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli and food to the esophagus, stomach, small intestine and large intestine
Pharynx (common throat)
33
What brings oxygen rich blood to the heart from the lungs
Pulmonary vein
34
What brings deoxygenated blood to the lungs from the heart
Pulmonary artery
35
Where does gas exchange take place in the lungs
Alveoli
36
Pulmonary means?
Lungs
37
What gas goes to the lungs and what gas leaves the lungs?
To- O2 Leave- CO2
38
Oxygen diffusion from what to what in the lungs?
Through moist film of simple squamous epithelium and into capillaries
39
Carbon dioxide diffuses from what to what in the lungs?
From capillaries across the epithelium and into the air space to be exhaled
40
What are the pump, tubes, and substance makeup in the respiratory system
Pump- lungs Tubes- bronchi Substance- air
41
What is the relationship of pressure to volume in the lungs
As volume increases, pressure decreases
42
Where does air move to in the lungs regarding pressure
From high pressure areas to low pressure area
43
True or false… the path birds breathe are unidirectional
True
44
Does incoming and outgoing air mix in birds respiration?
No it does not
45
How many complete breaths does it take for air to completely go through a bird?
2
46
What are the three stops of air in a bird?
1. Posterior air sacs 2. Lungs 3. Anterior air sacs
47
Where does gas exchange take place in a bird?
ONLY THE LUNGS
48
How many air sacs do birds have?
8 or 9
49
Fish gills use a _________ _________ system for O2 and CO2
Countercurrent exchange
50
Blood flows in the ____ direction to water passing over the gills
Opposite
51
Blood is always (more or less) saturated with O2 than the water it meets
Less
52
What are gills? I or O
Gills are outfoldings(outside body) that create a large SURFACE AREA for gas exchange
53
What type of tissue are gills
Simple squamous epithelium
54
Why are gills so red?
Filled with blood vessels
55
Is there more O2 in the water before or after the gills?
Before the gills, O2 is transferred into the blood from the water
56
What is the name of the gills wave like structures? What is each strand called?
Operculum Gill filaments
57
What is needed to allow for diffusion to occur in the gills
Diffusion gradient
58
What is the name of the tissue in the gills? Thickness? Tissue type?
Lamella Very thin Simple squamous
59
What could possible mm Hg be in the blood if mm Hg in water is 150, 120, 90, 60, 30 respectively
140, 110, 80, 50, 20 Must be slightly smaller to have diffusion gradient

Biology Exam 2 Material (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions