Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology Exam 2 Material > Respiratory System > Flashcards

Respiratory System Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

_________ __________ occurs across specialized respiratory surfaces

A

Gas exchange

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How do simple animals breathe?

A

Diffusion - All of the animal’s body cells are located within 2 cells of the medium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Do earthworms have a respiratory system?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What kind of respiratory do earthworms use

A

Cutaneous (through skin) respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

True or false… earthworms have thick skin

A

False, it’s thin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where are blood vessels located in an earthworm

A

Near surface of the skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Why do earthworms surface during rain storms

A

So they do not drown from rainwater and it’s more difficult to move in wet soil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What kind of respiratory system do insects have?

A

Tracheal systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

True or false… every single cell has its own tracheole

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

As the tracheoles get smaller, it is (easier or harder) to absorb air

A

Harder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are spiracles

A

Openings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What make up the trachea rings in the tracheal system

A

Chitin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the limiting factor in the tracheal system

A

Length of the tubes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Larger insects use what to help move air throughout the system

A

Flight muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Why are giant insects impossible

A

Airflow resistance
- tube length and diameter
Diffusion rate
Chitin support limited

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How do amphibians breathe (generalize)

A

Lungs and skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How do amphibians breathe (not skin)

A

Inflate lungs with forced air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What kind of pressure is forced ventilation

A

Positive pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the steps to an amphibian breathing?

A
  1. Air into mouth
  2. Collect into buccal cavity
  3. Glottis closes
  4. Nostrils close/ buccal cavity forces air up
  5. Glottis opened
  6. Air goes to lungs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Lungs are considered what?

A

Infoldings of the body surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What type of cells are the lungs?

A

Simple squamous epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What occurs in the lungs?

A

Transport gases between the lungs and the rest of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the two gasses part of respiration

A

CO2 and O2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The size and complexity of lungs correlate to what?

A

Animals metabolic rate

25
Q

What type of breathers are mammals

A

Tidal breathers

26
Q

True or false…. Incoming air does not mix with outgoing air in mammals

A

False

27
Q

What is the top of the trachea that contains the vocal cord?

A

Larynx

28
Q

What helps push air out of the lungs? What kind of pressure is this?

A

Diaphragm

Negative pressure

29
Q

Which is larger? Nasal cavity or oral cavity

A

Nasal cavity

30
Q

A system of __________ ducts conveys air into/out of the lungs

A

Branching

31
Q

What happens to the air inhaled in the nostril?

A

Warmed- blood vessels in nose
Humidified- adds moisture
Filtered- hairs

32
Q

The _________ directs air to the larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli and food to the esophagus, stomach, small intestine and large intestine

A

Pharynx (common throat)

33
Q

What brings oxygen rich blood to the heart from the lungs

A

Pulmonary vein

34
Q

What brings deoxygenated blood to the lungs from the heart

A

Pulmonary artery

35
Q

Where does gas exchange take place in the lungs

A

Alveoli

36
Q

Pulmonary means?

A

Lungs

37
Q

What gas goes to the lungs and what gas leaves the lungs?

A

To- O2

Leave- CO2

38
Q

Oxygen diffusion from what to what in the lungs?

A

Through moist film of simple squamous epithelium and into capillaries

39
Q

Carbon dioxide diffuses from what to what in the lungs?

A

From capillaries across the epithelium and into the air space to be exhaled

40
Q

What are the pump, tubes, and substance makeup in the respiratory system

A

Pump- lungs

Tubes- bronchi

Substance- air

41
Q

What is the relationship of pressure to volume in the lungs

A

As volume increases, pressure decreases

42
Q

Where does air move to in the lungs regarding pressure

A

From high pressure areas to low pressure area

43
Q

True or false… the path birds breathe are unidirectional

A

True

44
Q

Does incoming and outgoing air mix in birds respiration?

A

No it does not

45
Q

How many complete breaths does it take for air to completely go through a bird?

A

2

46
Q

What are the three stops of air in a bird?

A
  1. Posterior air sacs
  2. Lungs
  3. Anterior air sacs
47
Q

Where does gas exchange take place in a bird?

A

ONLY THE LUNGS

48
Q

How many air sacs do birds have?

A

8 or 9

49
Q

Fish gills use a _________ _________ system for O2 and CO2

A

Countercurrent exchange

50
Q

Blood flows in the ____ direction to water passing over the gills

A

Opposite

51
Q

Blood is always (more or less) saturated with O2 than the water it meets

A

Less

52
Q

What are gills? I or O

A

Gills are outfoldings(outside body) that create a large SURFACE AREA for gas exchange

53
Q

What type of tissue are gills

A

Simple squamous epithelium

54
Q

Why are gills so red?

A

Filled with blood vessels

55
Q

Is there more O2 in the water before or after the gills?

A

Before the gills, O2 is transferred into the blood from the water

56
Q

What is the name of the gills wave like structures? What is each strand called?

A

Operculum

Gill filaments

57
Q

What is needed to allow for diffusion to occur in the gills

A

Diffusion gradient

58
Q

What is the name of the tissue in the gills? Thickness? Tissue type?

A

Lamella

Very thin

Simple squamous

59
Q

What could possible mm Hg be in the blood if mm Hg in water is 150, 120, 90, 60, 30 respectively

A

140, 110, 80, 50, 20

Must be slightly smaller to have diffusion gradient

Biology Exam 2 Material (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions