Nitrogenous Waste

Question 1

The _____ and _______ of an animals waste products may greatly it’s water balance

Answer 1

Solubility and toxicity

Question 2

Where do nitrogenous waste products come from?

Answer 2

Proteins and nucleic acids

Question 3

Why are nitrogenous wastes dangerous?

Answer 3

They’re toxic

Question 4

What are the three types of nitrogenous waste? How much nitrogen does each contain?

Answer 4

Ammonia- 1

Urea- 2

Uric Acid- 4

Question 5

What is the water solubility, energy cost, and toxicity of the three forms of nitrogenous waste

Answer 5

Water solubility:
Ammonia- yes
Urea- osmolyte
Uric acid- no

Energy cost:
Ammonia- little energy
Urea- moderate energy
Uric acid- most energy

Toxicity:
Ammonia- very toxic
Urea- moderately toxic
Uric acid- not toxic

Question 6

What is osmolyte

Answer 6

Help retain water in blood

Question 7

What animals use ammonia? Urea? Uric acid?

Answer 7

Ammonia: most aquatic animals

Urea: mammals, most amphibians, sharks, some bony fish (access to water)

Uric acid: birds, reptiles, insects, land snails (little access to water)

Question 8

What is a cloaca

Answer 8

Organ which is a common vent to release feces and uric acid

Question 9

What type of nitrogenous waste do terrestrial turtles make? Aquatic turtles?

Answer 9

Terrestrial- uric acid (little access to water)

Aquatic- ammonia (water soluble)

Question 10

What type of nitrogenous waste does a fetus produce? Shelled eggs?

Answer 10

Embryos: urea

Shelled eggs: uric acid (not water soluble)

Question 11

What type of nitrogenous waste do tadpoles and land dwelling frogs produce?

Answer 11

Tadpoles- ammonia

Frogs- urea/ammonia depending on where they live