Circulatory System

Question 1

___________ link exchange surfaces with cells through the body

Answer 1

Circulatory system

Question 2

How many cells apart can diffusion take place

Answer 2

2

Question 3

Is diffusion a fast or slow process?

Answer 3

Slow

Question 4

Do amoeba or hydra need a circulatory system? Why or why not?

Answer 4

No they do not because they are two or less cells wide

Question 5

Single or double celled organisms use ________ exchange with the environment.

What does this apply for (2)

Answer 5

Direct

Applies to both food/waste and respiratory gas

Question 6

What are the three necessities for circulatory systems?

Answer 6

Pump, something to pump, tubes to transport

Question 7

What is the fluid in the circulatory system? (2)

Answer 7

Blood(humans) and hemolymph(insects)

Question 8

What are the tubes that transport the blood?

Answer 8

Arteries and veins

Question 9

What are arteries and what blood do they carry?

Answer 9

Take oxygenated blood AWAY from the heart

Question 10

What are veins and what blood do they carry?

Answer 10

Take deoxygenated blood back to the heart

Question 11

What is the muscular pump in the circulatory system?

Answer 11

Heart

Question 12

What are the two types of circulatory systems?

Answer 12

Open and closed

Question 13

What is an open circulatory system?

Answer 13

No distinction between blood and interstitial fluids

Question 14

What is the name of the fluid in open circulatory systems? What does it do?

Answer 14

Hemolymph

Bathes organs

Question 15

What are some animals with an open circulatory system?

Answer 15

Insects
Arthropods (crab and lobster)
Mollusks (clams)

Question 16

What are sinuses?

Answer 16

Interconnected chambers containing cells

Question 17

Where is hemolymph located in open circulatory systems

Answer 17

Sinuses

Question 18

What makes up hemolymph

Answer 18

Mixture of blood and fluid

Question 19

What helps move hemolymph around the body?

Answer 19

Body movements (compress the animal)

Question 20

What happens when the heart is relaxed in an open circulatory system

Answer 20

Blood and fluid is reabsorbed

Question 21

The valves in an open circulatory system are what?

Answer 21

Directional

Question 22

What is a closed circulatory system

Answer 22

Complete circle of the system

Question 23

What is the fluid in a closed circulatory system

Answer 23

Blood

Question 24

Where is the blood? Is it mixed with interstitial fluid?

Answer 24

Confined in blood vessels

Distinct from interstitial fluid

Question 25

Closed systems are ___________ at transporting circulatory fluids to tissues and cells

Answer 25

More efficient

Question 26

What animals have closed circulatory systems

Answer 26

Earthworms and all vertebrates

Question 27

Describe the simple closed circulatory system of a worm

Answer 27

Blood goes from the heart to small branch vessels in each organ. Blood is then returned to the heart

Question 28

True or false…. The worm has multiple hearts

Answer 28

True

Question 29

Which system has more pressure?

Answer 29

Closed circulatory system

Question 30

Which system requires more energy

Answer 30

Closed circulatory system

Question 31

How do body movements effect closed circulatory system

Answer 31

Help move blood around body

Question 32

Which system generally aids to a larger body sized animal?

Answer 32

Closed circulatory system

Question 33

How does the blood flow in each system?

Answer 33

Open- fall into openings Closed- moves throughout the body in valves

Question 34

What are the different types of closed circulatory systems? Which type of animal has each?

Answer 34

1. Single circulation (fish, sharks, rays) | 2. Double circulation (amphibian and mammal)

Question 35

How many chambers does a fish heart have?

Answer 35

2

Question 36

What are the names of the capillary beds the blood passes through in a fish? How many are there?

Answer 36

2 capillary beds Gill and body capillaries

Question 37

Does blood pressure increase or decrease at the gills? Why?

Answer 37

Decrease because there is no extra push from the heart

Question 38

Why are muscle contractions so important in fish

Answer 38

Help push blood through the body

Question 39

Does a fish heart contain oxygenated or deoxygenated blood?

Answer 39

Deoxygenated

Question 40

Where does blood get oxygen in a fish?

Answer 40

Gills

Question 41

How many chambers are in an amphibian heart

Answer 41

3

Question 42

What is the name of the middle section in the amphibian heart

Answer 42

Ventricular ridge

Question 43

Is there mixing between oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in the heart in amphibians?

Answer 43

Very little is mixed

Question 44

When submerged under water, frog blood flow to the lungs is nearly shut off. Why?

Answer 44

Small capillaries near the surface of the skin allow for oxygen to defuse into the blood

Question 45

What are the two capillary beds in an amphibian

Answer 45

Lungs/skin and systemic

Question 46

What is another name for the amphibian lung/skin capillaries. What is another name for the systemic capillaries?

Answer 46

Pulmocutaneous circuit Systemic circuit

Question 47

How many chambers does a human heart have

Answer 47

4

Question 48

What is the name of the tissue that separates the heart?

Answer 48

Septum

Question 49

True or false… a pump is involved in each circuit of a mammalian heart

Answer 49

True

Question 50

What are the names of the capillary beds in a mammalian heart? What does each one do?

Answer 50

Lungs- gas exchange takes place Systemic- push blood to the rest of the body

Question 51

What are the two circuits in a mammalian heart?

Answer 51

Pulmonary (lungs) and systemic (body systems)

Question 52

_________ circulation maintains greater blood pressure in the organs than does _________ circulation

Answer 52

Double Single

Question 53

Which closed circulation has the highest pressure? Which has the lowest?

Answer 53

Highest- mammalian double circulation Lowest- fish single circulation

Question 54

Which form of circulation has the best degree of oxygenation

Answer 54

Single circulation

Question 55

Which circulation has the highest metabolic rate

Answer 55

Double circulation mammal

Question 56

Which circulation allows for a larger body size?

Answer 56

Double circulation mammal

Question 57

What are the types of blood vessels in mammalian heart

Answer 57

Arteries and arterioles (oxygenated) Capillaries and capillary beds (connect arteries to veins) Veins and venules (deoxygenated)

Question 58

What is the direction of blood flow?

Answer 58

Unidirectional

Question 59

What is the pathway of blood to and from the heart

Answer 59

1. Blood enters the right atrium from the superior and inferior vena cava 2. Blood is pushed through the right atrium to the right ventricle 3. Blood is pumped into the pulmonary artery to go to the lung 4. Blood picks up oxygen in the lungs and is returned to the heart via pulmonary vein 5. Blood enters the left atrium from the pulmonary vein 6. Blood is pushed into the left ventricle then out the heart via the aorta 7. Blood is moved throughout the body where it loses oxygen and returns to the heart via the superior or inferior vena cava

Question 60

Which is a vein? Which is an artery? (Vena cava and aorta)

Answer 60

Vein- vena cava Artery- aorta