Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology Exam 2 Material > Circulatory System > Flashcards

Circulatory System Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

___________ link exchange surfaces with cells through the body

A

Circulatory system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How many cells apart can diffusion take place

A

2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Is diffusion a fast or slow process?

A

Slow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Do amoeba or hydra need a circulatory system? Why or why not?

A

No they do not because they are two or less cells wide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Single or double celled organisms use ________ exchange with the environment.

What does this apply for (2)

A

Direct

Applies to both food/waste and respiratory gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the three necessities for circulatory systems?

A

Pump, something to pump, tubes to transport

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the fluid in the circulatory system? (2)

A

Blood(humans) and hemolymph(insects)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the tubes that transport the blood?

A

Arteries and veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are arteries and what blood do they carry?

A

Take oxygenated blood AWAY from the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are veins and what blood do they carry?

A

Take deoxygenated blood back to the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the muscular pump in the circulatory system?

A

Heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the two types of circulatory systems?

A

Open and closed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is an open circulatory system?

A

No distinction between blood and interstitial fluids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the name of the fluid in open circulatory systems? What does it do?

A

Hemolymph

Bathes organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are some animals with an open circulatory system?

A

Insects
Arthropods (crab and lobster)
Mollusks (clams)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are sinuses?

A

Interconnected chambers containing cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Where is hemolymph located in open circulatory systems

A

Sinuses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What makes up hemolymph

A

Mixture of blood and fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What helps move hemolymph around the body?

A

Body movements (compress the animal)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What happens when the heart is relaxed in an open circulatory system

A

Blood and fluid is reabsorbed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The valves in an open circulatory system are what?

A

Directional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is a closed circulatory system

A

Complete circle of the system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the fluid in a closed circulatory system

A

Blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Where is the blood? Is it mixed with interstitial fluid?

A

Confined in blood vessels

Distinct from interstitial fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Closed systems are ___________ at transporting circulatory fluids to tissues and cells

A

More efficient

26
Q

What animals have closed circulatory systems

A

Earthworms and all vertebrates

27
Q

Describe the simple closed circulatory system of a worm

A

Blood goes from the heart to small branch vessels in each organ. Blood is then returned to the heart

28
Q

True or false…. The worm has multiple hearts

A

True

29
Q

Which system has more pressure?

A

Closed circulatory system

30
Q

Which system requires more energy

A

Closed circulatory system

31
Q

How do body movements effect closed circulatory system

A

Help move blood around body

32
Q

Which system generally aids to a larger body sized animal?

A

Closed circulatory system

33
Q

How does the blood flow in each system?

A

Open- fall into openings

Closed- moves throughout the body in valves

34
Q

What are the different types of closed circulatory systems? Which type of animal has each?

A
  1. Single circulation (fish, sharks, rays)

2. Double circulation (amphibian and mammal)

35
Q

How many chambers does a fish heart have?

A

2

36
Q

What are the names of the capillary beds the blood passes through in a fish? How many are there?

A

2 capillary beds

Gill and body capillaries

37
Q

Does blood pressure increase or decrease at the gills? Why?

A

Decrease because there is no extra push from the heart

38
Q

Why are muscle contractions so important in fish

A

Help push blood through the body

39
Q

Does a fish heart contain oxygenated or deoxygenated blood?

A

Deoxygenated

40
Q

Where does blood get oxygen in a fish?

A

Gills

41
Q

How many chambers are in an amphibian heart

A

3

42
Q

What is the name of the middle section in the amphibian heart

A

Ventricular ridge

43
Q

Is there mixing between oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in the heart in amphibians?

A

Very little is mixed

44
Q

When submerged under water, frog blood flow to the lungs is nearly shut off. Why?

A

Small capillaries near the surface of the skin allow for oxygen to defuse into the blood

45
Q

What are the two capillary beds in an amphibian

A

Lungs/skin and systemic

46
Q

What is another name for the amphibian lung/skin capillaries. What is another name for the systemic capillaries?

A

Pulmocutaneous circuit

Systemic circuit

47
Q

How many chambers does a human heart have

A

4

48
Q

What is the name of the tissue that separates the heart?

A

Septum

49
Q

True or false… a pump is involved in each circuit of a mammalian heart

A

True

50
Q

What are the names of the capillary beds in a mammalian heart? What does each one do?

A

Lungs- gas exchange takes place

Systemic- push blood to the rest of the body

51
Q

What are the two circuits in a mammalian heart?

A

Pulmonary (lungs) and systemic (body systems)

52
Q

_________ circulation maintains greater blood pressure in the organs than does _________ circulation

A

Double

Single

53
Q

Which closed circulation has the highest pressure? Which has the lowest?

A

Highest- mammalian double circulation

Lowest- fish single circulation

54
Q

Which form of circulation has the best degree of oxygenation

A

Single circulation

55
Q

Which circulation has the highest metabolic rate

A

Double circulation mammal

56
Q

Which circulation allows for a larger body size?

A

Double circulation mammal

57
Q

What are the types of blood vessels in mammalian heart

A

Arteries and arterioles (oxygenated)

Capillaries and capillary beds (connect arteries to veins)

Veins and venules (deoxygenated)

58
Q

What is the direction of blood flow?

A

Unidirectional

59
Q

What is the pathway of blood to and from the heart

A
  1. Blood enters the right atrium from the superior and inferior vena cava
  2. Blood is pushed through the right atrium to the right ventricle
  3. Blood is pumped into the pulmonary artery to go to the lung
  4. Blood picks up oxygen in the lungs and is returned to the heart via pulmonary vein
  5. Blood enters the left atrium from the pulmonary vein
  6. Blood is pushed into the left ventricle then out the heart via the aorta
  7. Blood is moved throughout the body where it loses oxygen and returns to the heart via the superior or inferior vena cava
60
Q

Which is a vein? Which is an artery? (Vena cava and aorta)

A

Vein- vena cava

Artery- aorta

Biology Exam 2 Material (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions