Respiratory System

Question 1

Name the 6 parts of the respiratory system.

Answer 1

1. Bronchus
2. Bronchiole
3. Lung
4. Alveoli
5. Diaphragm
6. Trachea

Question 2

BREATHING IN

• Intercostal muscles between the ribs c______, pulling the chest walls u_ and o__.
• The d________ muscle below the lungs c_______ and f_____, which i______ the size of the chest.
• The lungs i______ in size, so the p_____ inside them falls. This causes air to rush i_ through the nose or m_____.

Answer 2

Contracts
Up
Out
Diaphragm
Contracts
Flattens
Increases
Increase
Pressure
In
Mouth

Question 3

BREATHING OUT

• Intercostal muscles between the ribs r____ so that the chest walls move i_ and d___.
• The diaphragm muscle below the l____ r_____ and bulges up, r_______ the size of the chest.
• The lungs d_____ in size, so the p_______ inside increases and air is pushed up the t_______ and through the nose or mouth.

Answer 3

Relax
In
Down
Lungs
Relaxes
Reducing
Decrease
Pressure
Trachea

Question 4

What are alveoli?

Answer 4

Bunches of tiny air sacks inside the lungs. An individual alveoli is called an alveolus.

Question 5

What are capillaries?

Answer 5

Tiny blood vessels.

Question 6

Oxygen goes in/out of the alveoli.

Answer 6

Out.

Question 7

Carbon dioxide goes in/out of the alveoli.

Answer 7

In.

Question 8

What process happens to exchange carbon dioxide and oxygen in the alveoli?

Answer 8

Diffusion.

Question 9

What is used to fuel cell processes?

Answer 9

Glucose.

Question 10

What is required to ‘break down’ the glucose to release energy?

Answer 10

Oxygen.

Question 11

What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?

Answer 11

Glucose + oxygen -> energy + carbon dioxide + water

Question 12

Name 4 benefits of exercise for the respiratory system.

Answer 12

1. The respiratory muscles get stronger, so they can make the chest cavity larger.
2. Larger chest cavity = more air can be respired.
3. More capillaries form around the alveoli, so more gaseous exchange can take place.
4. Gas exchange can now take place more quickly meaning exercise can be maintained at a higher intensity for longer.

Question 13

What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration?

Answer 13

Glucose -> energy + lactic acid

Question 14

What is minute volume?

Answer 14

The volume of air you breathe in 1 minute.

Question 15

What is oxygen debt?

Answer 15

After anaerobic activity, oxygen is needed to neutralise the lactic acid, which is repaid after exercise.

Question 16

What is lactic acid?

Answer 16

A mild poison that builds up during anaerobic exercise.