Photosynthesis

Question 1

Give the function of the nucleus.

Answer 1

Controls the activities of the cell

Question 2

Give the function of the chloroplasts.

Answer 2

Absorbs light energy.

Question 3

Give the function of the cell wall.

Answer 3

It gives the cell shape and supports the cell.

Question 4

Give 6 parts of the plant cell.

Answer 4

Cell membrane
Chloroplast
Cytoplasm
Vacuole
Nucleus
Cell wall

Question 5

What is chlorophyll?

Answer 5

The green chemical inside the chloroplasts of plant cells. It enables photosynthesis to take place.

Question 6

What are chloroplasts?

Answer 6

They contain the green pigment chlorophyll; the site of photosythesis

Question 7

What is diffusion?

Answer 7

Diffusion is the movement of particles (molecules or ions) from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Question 8

What is photosynthesis?

Answer 8

Photosynthesis is a chemical process used by plants and algae to make glucose and oxygen from carbon dioxide and water, using light energy. Oxygen is produced as a by-product of photosynthesis.

Question 9

What are stomata?

Answer 9

Tiny holes in the epidermis (skin) of a leaf - usually on the undersides of leaves. They control water loss and gas exchange by opening and closing. Singular is stoma.

Question 10

What 3 things does a plant need for photosynthesis?

Answer 10

Carbon dioxide
Water
Light

Question 11

What are the two by-products of photosynthesis?

Answer 11

Oxygen

Glucose

Question 12

Give 5 adaptions of the leaf and why.

Answer 12

Thin - Provides a short distance for carbon dioxide to move by diffusion into the leaf.
Contains chlorophyll - absorbs light
Stomata - Allows carbon dioxide to move by diffusion into the leaf
Guard cells - to open and close the stomata depending on the conditions
Network of tubes (xylem and phloem) - to transport water (xylem) and food (phloem)

Question 13

How is the leaf protected from disease, water loss and weather damage?

Answer 13

Waxy layer.

Question 14

What is a palisade cell?

Answer 14

A cell that has adapted to absorb a lot of sunlight and has a lot of chloroplasts.

Question 15

What is a root hair cell?

Answer 15

They help with absorbing water from the soil. They jut out form the root, and have a big surface area and thin walls.

Question 16

What is osmosis?

Answer 16

Movement of water from a high concentration to a low concentration down a concentration gradient through a partially permeable membrane.

Question 17

Describe the process of water entering and exiting the plant.

Answer 17

1. Water enters the root hair from the soil.
2. Water moves through the cells inside the root
3. Water passes up the stem in the xylem tube
4. Water enters the leaf from the xylem tubes
5. Water leaves the leaf through the spongy mesophyll cells
6. Water moves into the air through the stomata by transpiration

Question 18

What are mineral salts?

Answer 18

The mineral salts a plant needs to grow are found in the soil. The plant can absorb these minerals when it absorbs water.
If the mineral salts are in a higher concentration in the plant than the soil the plant can use active transport to absorb them.
Fertilisers contain all the necessary mineral salts to grow a healthy plant.

Question 19

What is active transport?

Answer 19

The transport of particles from a lower to a higher concentration against a concentration gradient using energy from respiration.

Question 20

What is the equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 20

carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen