Respiratory Physiology - Control of Respiration Flashcards
What is the primary respiratory control center?
Medullary Center
What 2 neuronal clusters are found in the medullary center?
- Dorsal Respiratory Group (DRG)
2. Ventral Respiratory Group (VRG)
The upper head of the VRG contains what?
Pre-Botzinger Complex
What is the driving center of respiration?
The pre-botzinger complex
The Pontine center contains what 2 centers?
Pneumotaxic Center and Apneustic Center
What are the functions of the pneumotaxic and apneustic centers?
influences the output from the medullary respiratory center
What is the location of the central chemoreceptors?
Ventral surface of brainstem
What are the 2 (direct/indirect) things the central chemoreceptors are sensitive to?
direct: pH of CSF (H+)
indirect: CO2 in plasma
Central chemoreceptors increases respiratory rate as a result of ____?
Hypercapnia
Where can the peripheral chemoreceptors be found?
Aortic Arch and Carotid Body
What 3 things are peripheral chemoreceptors sensitive to?
O2, CO2 and H+ (pH)
Peripheral chemoreceptors increase respiratory rate in response to what 3 situations?
Hypercapnia
Hypoxia
Acidosis
Peripheral chemoreceptors are only stimulated when PO2 falls below what?
60mmHg
Lack of oxygen does what to the central chemoreceptors and respiratory center?
Turns them off.
Literally depresses them and they won’t work
Increased PCO2 in the arterial blood _____ stimulates the peripheral chemoreceptors.
weakly
Increased PCO2 in the arterial blood _____ stimulates the central chemoreceptors and causes ______.
strongly, ventilation
How does increased CO2 effect the central chemoreceptors?
CO2 increases H+ concentration in the ECF
Increased H+ in the arterial blood _____ the peripheral chemoreceptors. What is this important in?
stimulates
acid-base balance
Increased H+ in the arterial blood _____ the central chemoreceptors. Why?
does not effect.
cannot penetrate BBB
Respiratory drive in a COPD patient is mostly from an ______ environment
Hypoxic
T or F: Arterial H+ increases during untreated diabetes and stimulates the peripheral chemoreceptors
True
Ketoacids are abnormally produced and added to the blood
Term: decreased amount of arterial H+ concentration and decreases ventilation
Metabolic Alkalosis
Term: increased amount of H+ concentration and increases ventilation
metabolic acidosis
