Respiratory Physio I

Question 1

Bronchus

Answer 1

has cartilage
glands
mucus blanket

Question 2

bronchiole

Answer 2

has ciliated pseudostrafitied epithelium
smooth muscle cell
mucus glands
CT and cartilage

Question 3

smaller bronchioles

Answer 3

no cartilage

thinner wall

Question 4

Function of goblet cells

Answer 4

produce mucus, form mucus blanker, allow smoother air to go through, making it as humid as possible

Question 5

What are some things that could increase mucus production

Answer 5

smoke, pollutants

Question 6

What are the submucosal tracheobronchial glands

Answer 6

mucous and serous cells

Question 7

where are the submucosal tracheobronchial glands located

Answer 7

where there is cartilage

Question 8

What are the submucosal tracheobronchial glands controlled by?

Answer 8

SANS, PANS, peptidergic, local inflammatory mediators

Question 9

What is the function of the ciliated epithelial cells

Answer 9

to produce periciliary fluid

Question 10

What does periciliary fluid due

Answer 10

CL- secretion

Na+ absorption

Question 11

What is happening in CF

Answer 11

abnormal Cl- secretion causes and inability to absorb Na+ which caused thick mucus

Question 12

Function of Type II cell

Answer 12

produce surfactant which helps prevent collapse of aveoli

Question 13

Function of Type I cell

Answer 13

cover 90–95% of alveor surface
very thin
main structure component

Question 14

Function of alveolar macrophage

Answer 14

partrol alveolar surface and phagocytize inspired particles - defense mechanism

Question 15

What are the pores of kohn

Answer 15

pores that communicate between adjacent alveoli

Question 16

What is the function of kohn pores

Answer 16

collateral ventilation - taking gases from 1 lung unit to another. also allow passage of other materials

Question 17

What is the composition of the respiratory membrane

Answer 17

layer of fluid lining in alveolis containing surfant
alveolar epithelium
epithelia basment membrane
interstial space
cap basement membrane
cap endothelial membrane

Question 18

What is the composition of the lung interstitium

Answer 18

CT
smooth muscle
lymphatics
capillaries
cells

Question 19

What are fibroblasts

Answer 19

prominent cells of the lung interstitium

Question 20

What is the function of fibroblasts

Answer 20

to produce collagen and elastic which help with distensibility and elastic recoil of lungs

Question 21

What is the pleura

Answer 21

a serous membrane that folds back on itself to form a 2 layers structure

Question 22

What is the function of the pleural cavity

Answer 22

transmitts negative pressure produced by chest expansion to lung parenchyma and alveoli during normal respiration

Question 23

What are the major differences between the parietal and visceral pleura

Answer 23

pareital contain stomata and microvessels are closer to the pleural surface

Question 24

Function of parietal pleura

Answer 24

pleural liquid formation

Question 25

What is pleural effusion

Answer 25

fluid buildup around the lungs

Question 26

When is pleural effusion seen

Answer 26

congestive heart failure