respiratory pattern

Question 1

what is tachypnoea?

Answer 1

resp rate >25 breaths/min

Question 2

what is tachypnoea caused by

Answer 2

increased ventilatory drive in fever, acute asthma and exacerbation of COPD
or reduced ventilatory capacity in pneumonia, pulmonary oedema and ILD

Question 3

what is bradypnoea?

Answer 3

resp rate <10 breaths/mnin

Question 4

what is bradypnoea caused by?

Answer 4

opiod toxicity
hypercapnia
hypothyroidism
raised intracranial pressure

Question 5

what is kussmaul respiration and what is it associated with?

Answer 5

hyperventilation with deep, sighing respirations occurs in metabolic acidosis caused by DKA, acute renal failure and lactic acidosis

Question 6

what is apnoea

Answer 6

absence of breathing

Question 7

what is hypopnoea

Answer 7

reduction in airflow or respiratory movements by >50%

Question 8

what is OSAHS

Answer 8

obstructive sleep apnoea/hyponoea syndrome

combination of excessive daytime sleepiness and recurrent upper airway obstruction with sleep fragmentation caused by upper airway obstruction from collapse of the retropharynx