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respiratory > investigations in respiratory disease > Flashcards

investigations in respiratory disease Flashcards

1
Q

peak flow rate and oximetry

A

monitoring of asthma
resp failure
assessment of oxygen requirements

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2
Q

white cell count

A

high in LRTI

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3
Q

haematocrit

A

elevated in polycythaemia

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4
Q

eosinophil count

A

high in allergic asthma

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5
Q

CRP

A

high in pneumonia

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6
Q

serum calcium

A

elevated in bony metastases, sarcoidosis and sq cell lung cancer

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7
Q

D-dimer

A

venous thromboembolism

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8
Q

ABG

A

resp failure, acid-base balance

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9
Q

spirometry

A

COPD and asthma

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10
Q

CO transfer

A

reduced in ILD, emphysema and COPD

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11
Q

CT thorax

A

pulmonary or mediastinal mass
staging of lung cancer
pleural disease

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12
Q

high res CT

A

ILD

bronchiectasis

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13
Q

echocardiogram

A

right heart dilatation

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14
Q

causes of gram positive sputum

A

pneumococcus or staphylococcus

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15
Q

causes of gram negative sputum

A

haemophilius influenzae

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16
Q

positive samples of Ziehl-neelsen stain indicate what

A

Tb

17
Q

decreased pH
increased CO2
increased bicarb

A

resp acidosis

18
Q

increased pH
deceased CO2
decreased HCO3

A

respiratory alkalosis

19
Q

decreased pH
decreased CO2
decreased HCO3

A

metabolic acidosis

20
Q

increased pH
increased CO2
increased HCO3

A

metabolic alkalosis

21
Q

causes of resp acidosis

A

acute ventilatory failure (asthma, pneumonia, COPD)

22
Q

causes of resp alkalosis

A 
hyperventilation (anxiety, panic)
CNS causes (stroke, subarachnoid haemorrhage)
23
Q

causes of metabolic acidosis

A

increased prod of organic acids (DKA, poisoning, acute renal failure)
loss of bicarb (diarrhoea, Addisons)

24
Q

causes of metabolic alkalosis

A

loss of acid (vomiting)

loss of potassium (diuretic, hyperaldosternoism, Cushings)

respiratory (16 decks)

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