Respiratory Medications Flashcards
What is the mechanism of action of Prednisone?
Prednisone is a systemic corticosteroid that reduces inflammation and suppresses the immune system by inhibiting the release of inflammatory mediators and decreasing immune cell activity.
What are the indications for Prednisone?
Chronic respiratory conditions (asthma, COPD), allergic reactions, inflammatory conditions (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis), and acute exacerbations of asthma or COPD.
What are the contraindications for Prednisone?
Active infections, systemic fungal infections, peptic ulcer disease, and pregnancy (Category C, use with caution).
What classification does Prednisone fall under?
Corticosteroid (Glucocorticoid).
What are the adverse effects of Prednisone?
Immunosuppression, hyperglycemia, weight gain, fluid retention, osteoporosis, gastrointestinal ulcers, mood swings, insomnia, irritability.
What client teaching is important for Prednisone?
Take with food, monitor blood glucose, do not abruptly stop, report signs of infection, and manage weight and bone health.
What is the mechanism of action of Salmeterol?
Salmeterol is a long-acting beta-agonist that stimulates beta-2 adrenergic receptors, leading to bronchodilation.
What are the indications for Salmeterol?
Asthma (with inhaled corticosteroids) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
What are the contraindications for Salmeterol?
Acute asthma attacks and monotherapy in asthma.
What classification does Salmeterol fall under?
Long-acting beta-agonist (LABA).
What are the adverse effects of Salmeterol?
Tachycardia, nervousness, headache, hypokalemia, and increased risk of asthma-related deaths if used improperly.
What client teaching is important for Salmeterol?
Do not use for acute attacks, take regularly as prescribed, monitor for excessive use, and report chest pain or palpitations.
What is the mechanism of action of Montelukast?
Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist that blocks leukotrienes, reducing bronchoconstriction, airway edema, and mucus production.
What are the indications for Montelukast?
Asthma, exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, and allergic rhinitis.
What are the contraindications for Montelukast?
Hypersensitivity to montelukast and active liver disease.
What classification does Montelukast fall under?
Leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA).
What are the adverse effects of Montelukast?
Headache, abdominal pain, diarrhea, cough, nasal congestion, mood changes, and rarely Churg-Strauss syndrome.
What client teaching is important for Montelukast?
Take once daily in the evening, monitor for mood changes, report unusual bruising or nosebleeds, and not a substitute for inhalers.
What is the mechanism of action of Albuterol?
Albuterol is a short-acting beta-2 agonist that stimulates beta-2 adrenergic receptors, causing bronchodilation for quick relief from bronchospasm.
What are the indications for Albuterol?
Acute asthma attacks, exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, and COPD exacerbations.
What are the contraindications for Albuterol?
Hypersensitivity to albuterol and cardiovascular diseases.
What classification does Albuterol fall under?
Short-acting beta-agonist (SABA).
What are the adverse effects of Albuterol?
Tachycardia, shakiness, headache, nervousness, and hypokalemia.
What client teaching is important for Albuterol?
Use only as directed for acute symptoms, limit use to avoid over-reliance, monitor for excessive use, and carry for emergency relief.
