Antilipemics Flashcards
How do you want LDL levels?
Low, lower than 100mg/dl
How do you want HDL levels?
High, higher than 40mg/dl
HMG-CoA mechanism of action?
Inhibit HMG-CoA reductase, which is used by the liver to produce cholesterol, lower the rate of cholesterol
HMG-CoA indications?
First-line drug therapy for hypercholesterolemia, treatment of types IIa and IIb hyperlipemias
HMG-CoA adverse effects?
Mild rash, GI disturbances, rash, HA, Myopathy, possibly leading to the serious condition rhabdomyolysis; elevations in liver enzymes (hepatotoxicity)
When are HMG-CoA given?
Night time, take statin before you get under your satin sheets
Are HMG-CoA very effective?
Yes; takes 2-4 weeks to see effects
HMG-CoA end in what?
Statin
Patients taking HMG-CoA should avoid what?
Grapefruit, liquor
Bile Acid Sequestrants mechanism of action?
Prevent reabsorption of bile acids from small intestine, bile acids are necessary for the absorption of cholesterol
Bile Acid Sequestrants indications?
Type 2 hyperlipoproteinemia, relief of pruritus associated with partial biliary obstruction, may be used with statins
Bile Acid Sequestrants adverse effects?
Constipation, heartburn, nausea, belching, effects will disappear over time
Lipid acronym?
L: LDL is 15-30%
I: Increase fluids and fiber
P: Patient monitoring
I: Increase GI distress; constipation
D: Decreases absorption of many meds
Niacin (Nicotinic Acid) classification?
Bile Acid Sequestrants
Niacin mechanism of action?
Thought to increase activity of lipase, which breaks down lipids, reduces the metabolism of catabolism of cholesterol and triglycerides
Niacin indications?
Effective in lowering triglyceride, total serum cholesterol, LDL levels, increases HDL levels
Niacin adverse effects?
Flushing, pruritus, GI distress
Fibric Acid Derivatives mechanism of action?
- Activating lipase, which breaks down cholesterol
- Suppress the release of free fatty acid from adipose tissue, inhibit synthesis of triglycerides in the liver, and increase secretion of cholesterol in the bile
Fibric Acid Derivatives indications?
Treatment of type 3, 4, 5 hyperlipidemia, decrease the triglyceride level, and increase HDL by as much as 25%
Fibric Acid Derivatives adverse effects?
LFT levels, GI upset, blurred vision, gallstones, prolonged prothrombin time
Gemfibrozil classification?
Fibric Acid Derivatives
Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitor mechanism of action?
Inhibits absorption of cholesterol and related sterols from the small intestine
Ezetimibe classification?
Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitor
ZETIA acronym?
Z: Dizziness
E: Encourage contraceptives
T: Taken with food
I: Inhibits absorption of dietary cholesterol
A: Adjunct to diet and exercise
