respiratory malfunctions Flashcards
How is Asthma Caused?
certain triggers can cause the bronchii of the lungs to become inflamed and narrow as the muscles contract .
What are the effects of asthma?
Due to the narrowing of the Bronchii tube and increase production of mucus, individuals will begin to wheeze, short of breath, has tight chest and may cough a lot. Which can result in an asthma attack.
What is the result of a server asthma attack?
reduction in the amount of oxygen that reaches the lungs, lips may turn blue, showing a lack of oxygen. If untreated can result in cardiac arrest or death.
What factors can trigger asthma?
Cigarette smoke, atmospheric pollution, cold air, dust, animal fur, dust mites, pollen, exercise, stress and even laughter.
What is Emphysema?
A condition of the lungs, caused by long term smoking. continued exposure to chemicals, inflammations and infections damages the alveoli decreasing the efficiency of the lungs as these tissues collapse. making it difficult to obtain oxygen.
Effects of Emphysema?
Due to difficulty obtaining oxygen exertion results in breathlessness and coughing.
How does Emphysema effect the lungs?
Due to the chemicals in smoke it paralyses the lung-cleaning cilia and eventually killing them, leading to a build up of mucus, and pathogens trapped inside the lungs it increases infections.
What is cystic fibrosis?
Individuals with CF usually produce unusually thick and sticky mucus which blocked the bronchioles and prevents effective movement of respiratory gases in and out of the lungs.
How is cystic fibrosis caused?
It is a defective gene in one of our chromosomes, which makes a defective form of a protein that should move water and salt in and out of our cells.
what is the effect of CF?
Due to the thick sticky mucus (like emphysema) mucus traps bacteria so coughing and repeated chest infections result.
what are the symptoms of CF?
increased salt in sweat, which is a way of diagnosing the condition.
Due to the mucus ( digestive and reproductive systems are effected) its results in poor weight gain, abnormal stool and reduced fertility.
