Respiratory: - Lecture 9 - Respiratory tract infection Flashcards
What is Coryza?
General cold like symptoms
What is Pharyngitis?
Sore Throat
What is Sinusitis?
Also known as rhinosinusitis - It is inflammation of the paranasal sinuses
What is Epiglottitis?
Epiglottitis is an inflammation of the epiglottis — the flap at the base of the tongue that keeps food from going into the trachea (windpipe)
What range of conditions that affect the upper respiratory tract caused by infections? ?
Coryza Pharyngitis Sinusitis Epiglottitis
What are the range of conditions that affect the lower respiratory tract caused by infections?
Acute Bronchitis Acute Exacerbation of chronic bronchitis Pneumonia Influenza
What causes Coryza?
Acute viral infection of the nasal passage
What are the symptom of a common cold?
Sore throat Mild fever
How is the common cold spread?
Droplets and fomites (substance capable of carrying infection)
What are common complications of the common cold?
Sinusitis Acute Bronchitis
What viruses generally cause the common cold?
Adenovirus Rhinovirus Respiratory Syncytial virus (In children)
What virus causes Bronchiolitis?
Respiratory Syncytial Virus
What is Acute sinusitis usually preceeded by?
A common cold
What is the treatment of Acute Sinusitis?
Purulent Nasal Discharge - May include blood Sinus pain
When do patients get antibiotics for Acute Sinusitis?
After 10 days of purulent nasal discharge. - Fear of secondary infection
What antibiotic is used to treat secondary infections in the nasal cavity/upper respiratory tract?
Doxycycline Clarithromycin - Due to good penetration.
What is a tonsillar abscess called?
Quinsy
What is treatment of Quinsy?
Incision
What is Diphtheria?
Bacteria infection. Characterised by a Pseudo-Membrane formation - preventing the person from breathing. Can cause sepsis and septic shock.
What is Acute Epiglottis?
Enlargement of the Pharynx Causes Stridor Commonly known as Croup
What is Acute Bronchitis?
“The cold which goes to the chest”
Symptoms of acute bronchitis?
Productive cough Fever – minority of cases Normal chest examination Normal chest X-ray May have a transient wheeze
What causes Crepitus in the lung?
Consolidation
What is acute bronchitis?
Infection of the bronchi. Can get tracheitis
What is infection of the parenchyma?
Pneumonia
How is acute bronchitis treated?
No Antibiotics. Fluids Paracetamol
Patients with co-morbidities and acute bronchitis how are they treated?
Generally with antibiotics - Fear of secondary infections.
How long does it take for Rhinovirus to manifest symptoms?
1-5 days