Respiratory: Lecture 5. Anatomy

Question 1

Name the Intercostal muscles?

Answer 1

• External intercostal muscles
• Internal intercostal muscles
• Innermost intercostal muscles

Question 2

What do the intercostal muscles attach to?

Answer 2

Between adjacent ribs

Question 3

What are the actions of the intercostal muscles?

Answer 3

Elevation/depression of the ribs during inspiration/expiration

Question 4

What is the nerve supply of the intercostal muscles?

Answer 4

intercostal nerves (anterior rami of thoracic spinal nerves)

Question 5

What is the Internal thoracic artery?

Answer 5

A branch from the subclavian artery

Question 6

Where does the Internal thoracic artery radiate from and go to?

Answer 6

The anterior parts of the intercostal spaces via anterior intercostal branches

Question 7

What does the Internal Thoracic Artery supply?

Answer 7

• Skin
• Fascia
• Muscle
• Bone
• Partietal Pleura of the Intercostal space

Question 8

How can the Internal Thoracic artery be used in clinical practice for a coronary artery bypass grafting?

Answer 8

This artery can be mobilised from its attachment to the sternum, sectioned inferiorly and anastomosed to a coronary artery, distal to an occlusion

Question 9

What is the orgin of the Diaphragm?

Question 10

What is a aponeurosis?

Answer 10

A sheet of pearly white fibrous tissue which takes the place of a tendon in sheet-like muscles having a wide area of attachment

Question 11

What tendon is associated with the diaphragm?

Answer 11

The central tendon by aponeurosis

Question 12

What are the openings in the diaphragm?

Answer 12

• • The caval opening (for the IVC)
• • The oesophageal hiatus (for the oesophagus & the vagus nerves)
• • The aortic hiatus (for the thoracic aorta, azygous vein & thoracic duct)

Question 13

What is the nerve supply of the diaphragm?

Answer 13

• the phrenic nerves supply each hemidiaphragm (dome)
• • sensory nevers go to the diaphragmatic parietal pleura & peritoneum
• • motor nerves go to the skeletal muscle of the diaphragm

Question 14

What are the 9 regions of the abdomen?

Answer 14

• Right Hypochondrium
• Left Hypochondrium
• Right Lumbar Region
• Left Lumbar Region
• Right Inguinal Region
• Left Inguinal Region
• Pubic Region
• Umbilical region

Question 15

What are the 4 regions of the abdomen?

Answer 15

• Right Upper Quadrant
• Right Lower Quadrant
• Left Upper Quadrant
• Left Lower Quadrant

Question 16

What are the Orgins of the External Oblique?

Answer 16

• superficial aspect ribs
• iliac crest
• pubic tubercle

Question 17

What Insertion is associated with the external oblique?

Answer 17

aponeurosis to the linea alba

Question 18

What is the nerve supply of the External Oblique?

Answer 18

Thoracoabdominal Nerve

Question 19

What are the orgins of the internal oblique?

Answer 19

• inferior aspect ribs
• iliac crest
• thoracolumbar fascia

Question 20

What insertion if associated with the internal oblique?

Answer 20

aponeurosis to the linea alba

Question 21

What is the nerve supply of the Internal Oblique?

Answer 21

thoracoabdominal nerves

Question 22

What are the origins of the transverus abdominus?

Question 23

What nerves supply the Tranversus Abdominus?

Answer 23

thoracoabdominal nerves

Question 24

What are the origins of the Rectus Abdominis?

Answer 24

• costal cartilages
• xiphoid process

Question 25

What is the insertion of the rectus abdominis?

Answer 25

Pubic Bone

Question 26

What is the nerve supply of the Rectus Abdominis?

Answer 26

thoracoabdominal nerves