Respiratory Emergencies Flashcards
Upper anatomy of the respiratory system:
Mouth Nose Larynx Pharynx Sinuses
Lower anatomy of the respiratory system:
Lungs Trachea Bronchi Bronchioles Alveoli Diaphragm
Layers protecting the lungs
- Visceral
- Pleural Cavity
- Parietal Pleura
Primary muscles involved in inspiration
- Diaphragm
2. External intercostals
Secondary muscles involved in inspiration
- Scalenes
- Sternocleidomastoid
- Trapezius
- Serratus anterior
- Pectoralis major and minor
- Latissimus Dorsi
- Quadratus Lumborum
Muscles involved in expiration
- Rectus abdominis
- Internal Oblique
- External Oblique
- Transverse abdominis
- Internal intercostals
Why does breathing occur?
Lack of O2 causes diaphragm to contract and take in oxygen for the blood.
Volume of air in 1 breathe
Tidal volume
Normal respiration rate
12-20 Breathes per minute for adults
Tidal volume x Respiratory rate =
minute volume
amount of air in lungs after forced exhale
residual volume
max amount of air exhaled after max inhale
vital capacity
vital capacity x residual volume =
total lung capacity
What accronym is used to determine the patient’s injury history?
OPQRST
Onset, Provokes, Quality, R , S , Time
What happens when breathing slows due to brain injury, stroke, drug use, etc?
Hypoventilation
Increase in breathing due to lack of O2
Hyperventilation
What does a gargling noise indicate?
Wet airway
What does a stridor or crowing noise indicate?
Obstruction of airway
What does snoring indicate?
Closure of airway
What does wheezing indicate?
Asthma, bronchitis
Ways to manage respiratory conditions:
- Supplemental oxygen
- Sit down or semi-fowlers position
- Inhalers
- Artificial ventilation
What do you look for when providing artificial ventilation?
Chest rise and fall
Which condition of the respiratory system is due to an infection of the alveoli that can be either bacterial, viral, or fungal?
Pneumonia
A pattern of breathing in which the abdomen lifts and the chest sinks during inhalation is known as
Seesaw Breathing
