Respiratory Emergencies Flashcards

1
Q

Upper anatomy of the respiratory system:

A
Mouth
Nose
Larynx 
Pharynx 
Sinuses
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2
Q

Lower anatomy of the respiratory system:

A
Lungs
Trachea 
Bronchi 
Bronchioles 
Alveoli 
Diaphragm
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3
Q

Layers protecting the lungs

A
  1. Visceral
  2. Pleural Cavity
  3. Parietal Pleura
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4
Q

Primary muscles involved in inspiration

A
  1. Diaphragm

2. External intercostals

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5
Q

Secondary muscles involved in inspiration

A
  1. Scalenes
  2. Sternocleidomastoid
  3. Trapezius
  4. Serratus anterior
  5. Pectoralis major and minor
  6. Latissimus Dorsi
  7. Quadratus Lumborum
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6
Q

Muscles involved in expiration

A
  1. Rectus abdominis
  2. Internal Oblique
  3. External Oblique
  4. Transverse abdominis
  5. Internal intercostals
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7
Q

Why does breathing occur?

A

Lack of O2 causes diaphragm to contract and take in oxygen for the blood.

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8
Q

Volume of air in 1 breathe

A

Tidal volume

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9
Q

Normal respiration rate

A

12-20 Breathes per minute for adults

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10
Q

Tidal volume x Respiratory rate =

A

minute volume

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11
Q

amount of air in lungs after forced exhale

A

residual volume

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12
Q

max amount of air exhaled after max inhale

A

vital capacity

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13
Q

vital capacity x residual volume =

A

total lung capacity

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14
Q

What accronym is used to determine the patient’s injury history?

A

OPQRST

Onset, Provokes, Quality, R , S , Time

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15
Q

What happens when breathing slows due to brain injury, stroke, drug use, etc?

A

Hypoventilation

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16
Q

Increase in breathing due to lack of O2

A

Hyperventilation

17
Q

What does a gargling noise indicate?

A

Wet airway

18
Q

What does a stridor or crowing noise indicate?

A

Obstruction of airway

19
Q

What does snoring indicate?

A

Closure of airway

20
Q

What does wheezing indicate?

A

Asthma, bronchitis

21
Q

Ways to manage respiratory conditions:

A
  1. Supplemental oxygen
  2. Sit down or semi-fowlers position
  3. Inhalers
  4. Artificial ventilation
22
Q

What do you look for when providing artificial ventilation?

A

Chest rise and fall

23
Q

Which condition of the respiratory system is due to an infection of the alveoli that can be either bacterial, viral, or fungal?

A

Pneumonia

24
Q

A pattern of breathing in which the abdomen lifts and the chest sinks during inhalation is known as

A

Seesaw Breathing

25
Q

A high pitched sound on inspiration is what type of breath sound?

A

Stridor

26
Q

An abnormal thickening of the heart in which there is a distinctively larger left ventricle is known as

A

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy