Respiratory Emergencies Flashcards
Upper anatomy of the respiratory system:
Mouth Nose Larynx Pharynx Sinuses
Lower anatomy of the respiratory system:
Lungs Trachea Bronchi Bronchioles Alveoli Diaphragm
Layers protecting the lungs
- Visceral
- Pleural Cavity
- Parietal Pleura
Primary muscles involved in inspiration
- Diaphragm
2. External intercostals
Secondary muscles involved in inspiration
- Scalenes
- Sternocleidomastoid
- Trapezius
- Serratus anterior
- Pectoralis major and minor
- Latissimus Dorsi
- Quadratus Lumborum
Muscles involved in expiration
- Rectus abdominis
- Internal Oblique
- External Oblique
- Transverse abdominis
- Internal intercostals
Why does breathing occur?
Lack of O2 causes diaphragm to contract and take in oxygen for the blood.
Volume of air in 1 breathe
Tidal volume
Normal respiration rate
12-20 Breathes per minute for adults
Tidal volume x Respiratory rate =
minute volume
amount of air in lungs after forced exhale
residual volume
max amount of air exhaled after max inhale
vital capacity
vital capacity x residual volume =
total lung capacity
What accronym is used to determine the patient’s injury history?
OPQRST
Onset, Provokes, Quality, R , S , Time
What happens when breathing slows due to brain injury, stroke, drug use, etc?
Hypoventilation