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Anaphy Endterm > Respiratory Drills > Flashcards

Respiratory Drills Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following belongs to the respiratory portion of the lower respiratory system?

A

both C and D

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2
Q

The exchange of gases between blood and cells is called ____.

A

internal respiration.

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3
Q

Which of the following does NOT belong to the conducting portion of the respiratory system?

A

alveolar ducts

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4
Q

The internal part of the nose is connected to the pharynx through the ____.

A

internal nares

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5
Q

The nasal cavity is lined with ____.

A

pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

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6
Q

The palatine tonsils are found in the _____.

A

oropharynx

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7
Q

The structure with openings to the Eustachian tubes is the ______.

A

nasopharynx

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8
Q

The nasal cavity is divided into right and left sides by the _____.

A

nasal septum

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9
Q

Which of the following is called the Adam’s apple?

A

thyroid cartilage

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10
Q

The structure which closes off the larynx is the _____.

A

epiglottis

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11
Q

The greater the pressure of air against the vocal cords, _____.

A

the louder the sound

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12
Q

The false vocal cords ______.

A

None of the above.

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13
Q

Which of the following describes a correct order of structures in the respiratory passageways?

A

pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles

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14
Q

The C-shaped rings that provide support for the wall of the trachea are made out of ______.

A

hyaline cartilage

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15
Q

Histamine _____.

A

causes bronchiole constriction

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16
Q

Epinephrine _____.

A

causes bronchiole dilation

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17
Q

The pain of pleurisy is caused by _____.

A

friction between the swollen membranes

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18
Q

Which of the following is NOT a structure associated with the lungs?

A

endocardium

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19
Q

The exchange of gases occurs in the ________.

A

alveoli

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20
Q

Surfactant is produced by ______.

A

Surfactant-secreting cells

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21
Q

Which of the following divides into alveolar ducts?

A

respiratory bronchioles

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22
Q

For air to enter the lungs during inspiration ______.

A

the pressure inside the lungs must become lower than the atmospheric pressure

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23
Q

The lungs contain about _______ alveoli.

A

300 million

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24
Q

The volume of air that can be exhaled after normal exhalation is the ________.

A

expiratory reserve volume

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25
Q

The volume of air in a normal breath is called _______.

A

tidal volume

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26
Q

The total lung capacity equals ________.

A

TV + IRV + ERV + RV

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27
Q

Gas exchange in the lungs happens by the process of ________.

A

diffusion

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28
Q

All of the following decrease the efficiency of external respiration EXCEPT _______.

A

increased alveolar PO2

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29
Q

Most oxygen in the blood is transported _______.

A

as oxyhemoglobin

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30
Q

Nerve impulses travel from the active inspiratory area to the diaphragm via the _______.

A

phrenic nerve

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31
Q

Approximately how much CO2 in the blood is carried as bicarbonate?

A

close to 60%

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32
Q

When stretch receptors in the lungs are activated _______.

A

All of the above

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33
Q

The primary chemical stimulus for breathing is the concentration of _________.

A

H+ and carbon dioxide concentration of blood

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34
Q

The basic rhythm of respiration is controlled by the ________.

A

medulla oblongata

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35
Q

Painful or labored breathing is referred to as ________.

A

dyspnea

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36
Q

A disorder characterized by the destruction of the alveolar walls is _______.

A

emphysema

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37
Q

Respiration rates are controlled mainly by the:

A

medulla oblongata & pons and the amount of CO2 in the blood

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38
Q

The vocal cords are located in the:

A

larynx

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39
Q

Cartilaginous rings:

A

all of the above are true

40
Q

Breathing is controlled by the respiratory center(s) located in the:

A

medulla oblongata and pons

41
Q

The flap of cartilage that closes off the larynx and prevents food and water from entering the larynx during swallowing is the:

A

epiglottis

42
Q

Which of the following is not a function of the respiratory system?

A

transport of nutrients to tissue

43
Q

Which of the following communicates with the laryngopharynx?

A

all of the above

44
Q

Which of the following affect the release of oxygen from hemoglobin?

A

all of the above affect the release of oxygen

45
Q

Carbon monoxide:

A

both B & C

46
Q

Smoking can cause:

A

all of the above

47
Q

Changes in the respiratory system during exercise include all but which of the following:

A

less carbon dioxide is produced

48
Q

The vital capacity can decrease by as much as ___ by the age 70.

A

50%

49
Q

True or False: The first step of respiration is external respiration.

A

FALSE. The first step of respiration is pulmonary ventilation.

50
Q

True or False: The nostrils are also called external nares.

A

TRUE.

51
Q

True or False: The middle portion of the pharynx is the nasopharynx.

A

FALSE. The middle portion of the pharynx is the oropharynx, not the nasopharynx.

52
Q

True or False: The mucous membrane of the larynx forms two pairs of folds.

A

TRUE.

53
Q

True or False: The trachea is located lateral to the esophagus.

A

FALSE. The trachea is located anterior to the esophagus, not lateral.

54
Q

True or False: Tertiary bronchi divide into terminal bronchioles.

A

FALSE. Tertiary bronchi divide into smaller bronchioles, not terminal bronchioles.

55
Q

True or False: The narrow top portion of the lung is called the apex.

A

TRUE.

56
Q

True or False: The right lung is divided into three lobes.

A

TRUE.

57
Q

True or False: In order for respiration to occur, the volume of the lung needs to be increased.

A

TRUE.

58
Q

True or False: The nasal cavity is divided into top, middle and bottom portions by nasal conchae and into a right and left side by the nasal septum. The purpose is to circulate air to warm, cleanse, examine and moisten it.

A

TRUE.

59
Q

True or False: The pressure inside the lungs is the alveolar pressure.

A

TRUE.

60
Q

True or False: The record of pulmonary volumes and capacities is called a spirogram.

A

TRUE.

61
Q

True or False: In clinical practice the word ventilation means inspiration only.

A

FALSE. Ventilation refers to both inspiration and expiration, not just inspiration.

62
Q

True or False: The total pressure of a gas mixture is calculated by multiplying the partial pressures.

A

FALSE. The total pressure of a gas mixture is calculated by adding the partial pressures, not multiplying.

63
Q

True or False: The transport of respiratory gases between the lungs and body tissues is a function of the blood.

A

TRUE.

64
Q

True or False: During inspiration the diaphragm contracts and drops which increases the thoracic cavity’s size and decreases its pressure. Expiration is the reverse, volume decreases and pressure increases forcing air out.

A

TRUE.

65
Q

True or False: If alveolar PCO2 is low, CO2 will diffuse from the capillary blood into the alveoli.

A

FALSE. If alveolar PCO2 is low, CO2 will diffuse from the alveoli into the capillary blood, not the other way around.

66
Q

True or False: The right lung is smaller than the left lung because of the position of the heart.

A

FALSE. The right lung is larger than the left lung, not smaller, because of the position of the heart.

67
Q

True or False: Parietal pleural membrane lines the thoracic cavity while the visceral pleural membrane covers the lung.

A

TRUE.

68
Q

True or False: Cigarette smoke is the single most preventable cause of death and disability worldwide.

A

TRUE.

69
Q

True or False: Rhinitis is actually a nose job.

A

FALSE. Rhinitis is inflammation of the nasal mucous membranes.

70
Q

True or False: While laryngitis is common among all people, cancer of the larynx is found almost exclusively with those who smoke.

A

TRUE.

71
Q

True or False: Shallow breathing is called diaphragmatic breathing while deep breathing involves the ribs and so is called costal breathing.

A

FALSE. Shallow breathing is costal breathing (using the ribs), while diaphragmatic breathing (deep breathing) involves the diaphragm.

72
Q

True or False: Hypocania caused from voluntary hyperventilation can be dangerous, especially to swimmers, because the oxygen level may drop dangerously low and cause fainting.

A

TRUE.

73
Q

The lowest portion of the pharynx is the _____.

A

laryngopharynx

74
Q

The branches of the trachea to the bronchi and bronchioles is referred to as the _____.

A

bronchial tree

75
Q

The membrane that encloses and protects the lungs is the _____.

A

pleura

76
Q

Terminal bronchioles subdivide into microscopic branches called _____.

A

respiratory bronchioles

77
Q

The maneuver used to expel an aspirated object is called the _____ maneuver.

A

Heimlich

78
Q

The respiratory gases move across the _____ membrane.

A

alveolar

79
Q

The visual examination of bronchi through a bronchoscope is called _______.

A

bronchoscopy

80
Q

When the diaphragm contracts it _____.

A

descends

81
Q

The term applied to normal quiet breathing is _____.

A

eupnea

82
Q

The phospholipids produced by the alveolar cells are called _____.

A

surfactant

83
Q

The total volume of air taken in during one minute is called the _____.

A

minute volume/minute ventilation

84
Q

The air that remains in the lungs after the expiratory reserve volume is expelled, is the _____.

A

residual volume

85
Q

The sum of residual volume plus expiratory reserve volume is the _____.

A

functional residual capacity

86
Q

The _____ area controls the basic rhythm of respiration.

A

medullary

87
Q

The protective mechanism that prevents overinflation of the lungs is called _____.

A

Hering-Breuer reflex

87
Q

A slow rate and depth of respiration is called _____.

A

bradypnea

87
Q

The passive process by which air flows into and out of the lungs is called ______.

A

pulmonary ventilation

88
Q

The temporary cessation of breathing is known as _____.

A

apnea

89
Q

The structure that prevents food from entering the respiratory passages is the _____.

A

epiglottis

90
Q

The chemosensitive area is located in the _____.

A

medulla oblongata

91
Q

Carbon dioxide can be carried by hemoglobin as _____.

A

carbaminohemoglobin

92
Q

The immediate increase in ventilation at the onset of exercise is a result of the stimulation of _______.

A

proprioceptors

93
Q

A chronic or acute inflammation of the mucous membranes in the nose is called ______.

A

rhinitis

Anaphy Endterm (6 decks)

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