respiratory disorders

Question 1

tonsillitis

Answer 1

• bacterial infection of tonsils in the pharynx
  SYMPTOMS: red and swollen tonsils, sore throat, fever
  TREATMENTS: surgery

Question 2

laryngitis

Answer 2

• inflammation of the larynx caused by infection or overstraining voice
• clears up after few days

Question 3

pneumonia

Answer 3

• tissue fluid accumulate, hard to breathe
• alveoli become inflamed and fill with fluid, interferes with gas exchange
• two types
  LOBULAR- involves single love
  BRONCHIOLE- patches of fluid-filled sacs
  CAUSES: bacterial infections
  TREATMENTS: vaccinated, anti-biotics

Question 4

bronchitis

Answer 4

• inflammation of mucus membranes in bronchioles
• increase in mucus production causes air passages to narrow
  ACUTE: short term, caused by bacterial infection, cured by antibiotics
  CHRONIC: long term, prolonged exposure to irritants by cilia, caused by smoking, no cure

Question 5

emphysema

Answer 5

• chronic bronchitis
• affects ability of lungs to expel air, making breathing difficult
• alveoli lose elasticity
• no cure, puffer opens air passages

Question 6

cystic fibrosis

Answer 6

• genetic disease causes thick build up of mucus
• cells lining airway release mucus that clogs lungs

Question 7

lung cancer

Answer 7

• uncontrolled cell growth in lungs causes tumours to form
• tumours decrease surface area for diffusion, compromises gas exchange, bronchioles blocked

Question 8

pleurisy

Answer 8

inflammation of pleural membranes lining the lungs and chest cavity

Question 9

drowning

Answer 9

• air cannot reach lungs
• oxygen unable to enter blood, difficult to cry for help
• asphyxiation causes death