respiratory disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

tonsillitis

A
  • bacterial infection of tonsils in the pharynx
    SYMPTOMS: red and swollen tonsils, sore throat, fever
    TREATMENTS: surgery
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2
Q

laryngitis

A
  • inflammation of the larynx caused by infection or overstraining voice
  • clears up after few days
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3
Q

pneumonia

A
  • tissue fluid accumulate, hard to breathe
  • alveoli become inflamed and fill with fluid, interferes with gas exchange
  • two types
    LOBULAR- involves single love
    BRONCHIOLE- patches of fluid-filled sacs
    CAUSES: bacterial infections
    TREATMENTS: vaccinated, anti-biotics
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4
Q

bronchitis

A
  • inflammation of mucus membranes in bronchioles
  • increase in mucus production causes air passages to narrow
    ACUTE: short term, caused by bacterial infection, cured by antibiotics
    CHRONIC: long term, prolonged exposure to irritants by cilia, caused by smoking, no cure
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5
Q

emphysema

A
  • chronic bronchitis
  • affects ability of lungs to expel air, making breathing difficult
  • alveoli lose elasticity
  • no cure, puffer opens air passages
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6
Q

cystic fibrosis

A
  • genetic disease causes thick build up of mucus
  • cells lining airway release mucus that clogs lungs
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7
Q

lung cancer

A
  • uncontrolled cell growth in lungs causes tumours to form
  • tumours decrease surface area for diffusion, compromises gas exchange, bronchioles blocked
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8
Q

pleurisy

A

inflammation of pleural membranes lining the lungs and chest cavity

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9
Q

drowning

A
  • air cannot reach lungs
  • oxygen unable to enter blood, difficult to cry for help
  • asphyxiation causes death
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