circulatory system cont'd

Question 1

blood pressure

Answer 1

the force blood exerts against the walls of blood vessels
- measured by using a sphygmomanometer
SYSTOLIC PRESSURE (contraction): pressure generated when ventricles contract and push blood from heart
DIASTOLIC PRESSURE (relaxation): pressure generated when ventricles fill with blood

Question 2

sympathetic and parasympathetic

Answer 2

SYMPATHETIC: increase heart rate
- affected by fear, stress, caffeine, etc.
PARASYMPATHETIC: rest-and-digest when body is at rest

Question 3

tachycardia

Answer 3

condition which heart rate exceeds 100 bpm
- occurs during times of stress

Question 4

brachycardia

Answer 4

condition which heart rate beats less than 60 bpm

Question 5

what two factors is bp in our body dependent on

Answer 5

1. CARDIAC OUTPUT: amount of blood pumped by heart each min
   = stroke volume (mL) x heart rate (bpm)
2. ARTERIOLAR RESISTANCE: diameter of arteriole is regulated by coiling, smooth muscles

Question 6

blood pressure is affected by

Answer 6

activity
smoking
medications
diet
genetics
body temp
- internal bleeding causes bp to fall