Respiratory disease and investigations Flashcards
What types of respiratory diseases are there?
Diseases affecting:
-airways
-parenchyma (bronchioles and alveoli)
-vasculature
-chest wall (muscles, skeletal structure and pleura)
What is lobar sequestrations?
Lobe of lung develops but isn’t connected to the airway.
What is agenesis?
This is when a lung fails to develop
What are some abnormalities of the trachea or bronchi?
Conditions where the cartilage is absent or soft.
What are some examples of infection?
-pneumonia
-SARS, MERS, COVID-19
-TB
-Bronchitis
How is pneumonia classified?
-origin (hospital or commun.)
-anatomy (where is it)
-organism (bacterial, viral etc)
What does community acquired pneumonia come from?
-Streptococcus pneumoniae
-Mycoplasma pneumoniae
-Haemophilus influenzae
What does hospital acquired pneumonia come from?
-Klebsiella
-Pseudomonas
-E Coli
What are symptoms of Covid?
-Fever
-Chills
-Myaliga
-Malaise
-Cough
What is Mylagia?
Muscle aches/ pains.
What is Malasia?
This is the feeling of being unwell.
What are the diseases affecting the airways?
-Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
-Asthma
-Bronchiectasis
-Cystic Fibrosis
-Cough
What are examples of COPD?
Emphysema (alveoli break down), Chronic bronchitis (cough more than 3 months), Chronic asthma (poorly treated asthma so leads to scarring and damage (often in older).
What is Bronchiectasis?
This is permanent dilation of airways associated with chronic infection (keep getting infections so more mucus).
What is cystic fibrosis?
Abnormally thick secretions, recurrent infection- mucus is sticky and cilia get stuck
