Respiratory Control

Question 1

what is the role of the pre-botzinger group?

Answer 1

generate the “core” rhythm

Question 2

what is the role of the pontine respiratory group?

Answer 2

modifies inspiratory timing (turns off inspiration)

Question 3

what is the role of the dorsal respiratory group?

Answer 3

control depth of breathing (tidal volume)

Question 4

what is the role of the ventral respiratory group?

Answer 4

controls inspiration and expiration; depth

Question 5

what is the specific role of the rostral ventral respiratory group?

Answer 5

premotor to the phrenic nerve and other inspiratory muscles

Question 6

what is the specific role of the caudal ventral respiratory group?

Answer 6

premotor to upper airway and other muscles of expiration

Question 7

what is apneusis?

Answer 7

maintained inspiratory discharge

Question 8

what causes apneusis?

Answer 8

pontine damage

Question 9

what is apnea?

Answer 9

absence of respiratory effort- no inspiration

Question 10

where are the central chemoreceptors found?

Answer 10

ventral surface of the medulla

Question 11

where are the peripheral chemoreceptors found?

Answer 11

carotid body and aortic arch

Question 12

what are the central chemoreceptors sensitive to?

Answer 12

PaCO2

Question 13

what are the peripheral chemoreceptors sensitive to?

Answer 13

PaCO2, PaO2, and pHa

Question 14

what type of mechanoreceptors do we have?

Answer 14

slowly adapting pulmonary stretch receptors, rapidly adapting stretch receptors, and J receptors

Question 15

where are the slowly adapting pulmonary stretch receptors located?

Answer 15

in the airway

Question 16

where are the rapidly adapting pulmonary stretch receptors located?

Answer 16

in the airway

Question 17

where are the j receptors located?

Answer 17

in the alveoli

Question 18

what is the stimulation of the rapidly adapting pulmonary stretch receptors?

Answer 18

irritation

Question 19

what is the stimulation for the j receptors?

Answer 19

pulmonary edema

Question 20

what is the effect of the slowly adapting pulmonary stretch receptors being stimulated?

Answer 20

stop inspiration, increase expiration

Question 21

what is the effect of the rapidly adapting pulmonary stretch receptors being stimulated?

Answer 21

cough

Question 22

what is the effect of the j receptors being stimulated?

Answer 22

tachypnea/ dry cough