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unit 6: MCP > Respiratory Chain (6) > Flashcards

Respiratory Chain (6) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the only non-soluble enzyme of the CAC?

A

succinate dehydrogenase

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2
Q

What are the only steps that have enough exothermic energy to move H+ against the gradient, and out of the mitochondria?

A

steps 1, 3, 4 (complexes 1,3,4)

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3
Q

What are the five classes of oxidation/reduction centers in the respiratory chain?

A
  1. Flavo proteins
  2. FeS
  3. Q
  4. Cytochromes
  5. Cu
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4
Q

What are flavins and what is required for their synthesis?

A

two electron donor or acceptor (or 2H+)
1,4 addition
vitamin B2

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5
Q

What are the two forms of flavins?

A

FMN and FAD (bigger)

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6
Q

What two enzymes use flavins as a cofactor or prosthetic group?

A

NADH dehydrogenase - tightly bound FMN

Succ. Dehydrogenase - covalently bound FAD

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7
Q

What are the two iron-sulfur centers in the respiratory chain that accept electrons from flavins and Q? How many electrons do they accept?

A

one electron donor or acceptors:

  1. Fe2S2 of complex III
  2. Fe4S4 of succinate dehydrogenase
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8
Q

If an iron center is acidified, what occurs?

A

H2S gas is released

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9
Q

Where does Q reside?

A

in the lipid bilayer - very hydrophobic

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10
Q

How many electrons does Q accept/donate and by what method?

A

2 electrons

1,6 addition

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11
Q

What does Q function as?

A

an electron buffer

10 fold excess over other components

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12
Q

Is Q a cofactor or prosthetic group?

A

cofactor

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13
Q

How many electrons does heme accept/donate?

A

one electron

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14
Q

What two amino acids does the iron atom of the heme group in cytochrome C, coordinate with? what else does it coordinate with

A

methionine and histidine and the 4 porphyrin ring nitrogens

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15
Q

What is the heme covalently attached to in cytochromes C and c1?

A

two cysteine side chains

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16
Q

Cytochrome b:

  1. where is it found
  2. how many hemes does it have
  3. what is it’s structure
A
  1. complex III
  2. two hemes
  3. two transmembrane segments
17
Q

How many electrons does a copper center donate/accept?

A

one electron

18
Q

How many coppers does copper center A contain?

A

two coppers

19
Q

What forms the O2 binding site at the end of the respiratory chain?

A

copper center B and heme iron of Cyt a3

20
Q

What components make up cytochrome oxidase or complex IV?

A
  1. cuA
  2. Cytochrome a
  3. cytochrome a3
  4. Cu B
21
Q

Why is the participation of two copper centers and two heme irons in cytochrome oxidase important?

A

to rapidly deliver 4 e- to O2

avoid production of H202 and superoxides

22
Q

Is the stabilization of an electron exothermic or endothermic?

A

exothermic

-coupled to the endothermic generation of an electrochemical gradient

23
Q

Put these components of the respiratory chain in order of increasing affinity from least to most:

Q, b, a, c, NAD

A
  1. NAD
  2. Q
  3. b
  4. c
  5. a
24
Q

How many catalytic sites for ATP synthesis does F1 contain?

A

3 sites

25
Q

Which part of ATP synthase is hydrophobic?

A

Fo

26
Q

What is respiratory control?

A

an electrochemical gradient functions as a common intermediate linking oxidation to phosphorylation

rate of respiration controlled by availability of ADP
-protons need to be carried back into matrix in order for the gradient to proceed

27
Q

What is the formula for P/O ratio?

A

ADP Consumed/ O2 consumed

=ATP formed per pair e- from substrate to O2

28
Q

Will ATP be produced if NADH is added to mitochondria?

A

no - there is not a transporter

29
Q

Where is the respiratory chain located?

A

inner mitochondrial membrane

30
Q

What is the function of the respiratory chain?

A

breaks up 52 kcal/mol
available from the flow of 2 e- from NADH to O2

-into 3 equal amounts

unit 6: MCP (17 decks)

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