Respiratory Assessment Flashcards
Early stages of hypoxia
restless, confused, anxious
Late stages of hypoxia
hypotension, bradycardia, metabolic acidosis, cyanosis
Chronic hypoxia
clubbing of fingers and toes, peripheral edema, O2 sat 87%
CPAP
provides a set positive airway pressure throughout the client’s breathing cycle
BiPAP
aids during inspiration and keeps the airway from closing during expiration
What physical characteristic of the chest can demonstrate respiratory problems?
barrel chest
What happens to the trachea when a patient is experiencing lung issues?
can be deviated to one side
What are two signs of respiratory distress?
- retractions
- nasal flaring
How many anterior auscultation points are there?
6
How many posterior auscultation points are there?
8
What does absent lung sounds indicate?
-pleural effusion
-lung collapse
What does crackle lung sounds indicate?
fluid
-CHF
-COPD
-pneumonia
What does wheezing lung sounds indicate?
inflammation
-asthma
-COPD
-Croup
-allergic reaction
What does stridor lung sounds indicate?
medical emergency
-croup
-epiglottitis
-obstruction from foreign body
What does stridor sound like?
high-pitched brassy on inspiration
-more pronounced in children
What does croup sound like?
a seal bark
What does rhonchi sound like?
snoring
What does rhonchi lung sounds indicate?
mucus in upper airway
Normal O2 Sat?
> 95%
Low O2 Sat?
<92%
COPD O2 Sat?
82-88%
Normal pH
7.35-7.45
Normal pCO2
35-45
Normal HCO3
22-26
Normal PaO2
80-100
Newborns and infants breathe through their…
noses
What is atelectasis?
fine crackles that go away with deep breathing
Nasal cannula
1-6L
High Flow Nasal Cannula
up to 60L/min
Simple face mask
6-10L
Non-rebreather mask
10-15L
Reservoir
inflate bag to 2/3 before give to patient
Oxygen hood
10-15L
Oxygen tent
at least 10L
Cough and deep breath intervention?
2-3 deep coughs
every 2-3 hours
Incentive spirometry intervention?
5-10x
every 1-2 hours
