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Nursing Application > Cardiovascular Assessment > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Assessment Flashcards

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1
Q

What 7 pieces of subjective data could you collect?

A
  1. chest pain or tightness
  2. shortness of breath
  3. cough
  4. fatigue
  5. cyanosis or pallor
  6. edema
  7. nocturia
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2
Q

On which side of the body is radiation common?

A

left side

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3
Q

With what condition do people experience shortness of breath, fatigue, nocturia?

A

CHF

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4
Q

What is nocturia?

A

urination at night

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5
Q

What 7 pieces of objective data could you collect?

A
  1. chest landmarks
  2. jugular vein distention
  3. precordium
  4. percussion for cardiac enlargement
  5. auscultation of carotid arteries
  6. auscultation of cardiac valve areas
  7. rate, rhythm, and heart sounds
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6
Q

How do you asses jugular vein distention?

A

patient flat, remove pillow, and turn head side to side

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7
Q

What does JVD indicate?

A

poor cardiac output and pooling of blood

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8
Q

What is precordium?

A

chest area directly in front of heart

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9
Q

For what people is the apical pulse palpable?

A

children and skinny people

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10
Q

What does heaves or lifts on chest wall indicate?

A

hypertrophy of heart

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11
Q

What does the bruit sound indicate?

A

blood turbulence

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12
Q

When should bruit naturally occur?

A

in fistulas

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13
Q

In what population is a split S2 sound common?

A

children and adolescents

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14
Q

What does an S3 gallop indicate?

A

CHF (fluid around heart)

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15
Q

What does an S4 sound indicate?

A

stiff valves

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16
Q

What does a murmur indicate?

A

valve failure or congenital defects

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17
Q

How are murmurs graded?

A

I-VI

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18
Q

What is pericardial friction rub?

A

scratching sound that indicates inflammation of the pericardium

19
Q

What is the normal value of hemoglobin for males?

A

14-17.4 g/dL

20
Q

What is the normal value of hemoglobin for females?

A

12-16 g/dL

21
Q

What is the normal percentage of hematocrit for males?

A

42-52%

22
Q

What is the normal percentage of hematocrit for females?

A

36-48%

23
Q

What is the normal value of RBCs for males?

A

4.2-5.4 million/mm^3

24
Q

What is the normal value of RBCs for females?

A

3.6-5.0 million/mm^3

25
Q

What is the normal value of platelets?

A

140,000-400,000/mm^3

26
Q

What is the normal value of serum albumin?

A

3.5-5.2 g/dL

27
Q

What is serum albumin?

A

blood proteins that help maintain intravascular blood volume related to cardiac output

28
Q

What is the normal value of K?

A

3.5-5.2 mEq/L

29
Q

What is the normal value of Na?

A

136-145 mEq/L

30
Q

What is the normal value of Ca?

A

8.8-10.4 mg/dL

31
Q

What is the normal value of Mg?

A

1.8-2.6 mg/dL

32
Q

If there is an increase in cardiac enzymes what does it indicate?

A

cardiac muscle damage

33
Q

What does BUN stand for?

A

blood urea nitrogen

34
Q

What does BUN and creatine reflect?

A

kidney function and cardiac output

35
Q

In what conditions does blood sugar increase?

A

under stress

36
Q

Why are coagulation studies important?

A

need baseline for several medications

37
Q

When someone complains of CP, when does a EKG have to be performed?

A

in the first 10min

38
Q

When a myocardial infarction is identified when should heart catheterization be performed?

A

within 90 minutes

39
Q

What is oblation?

A

catheterization of nodes to stop irregular rhythm

40
Q

When does the apex of the heart move from the 4th ICS to the 5th ICS?

A

by age 7

41
Q

What is the relationship between a pregnant female and blood volume?

A

it increases by 30-40% most rapidly in 2nd trimester

42
Q

What is the relationship between a pregnant women and heart rate?

A

increased HR because of increased stroke volume and cardiac output

43
Q

What factor of the heart sees an increase in problems as we age?

A

rhythm

Nursing Application (16 decks)

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