respiratory and circulatory quiz Flashcards
What is the main (structural) difference between veins and arteries?
Veins have valves, arteries do not
Where do arteries deliver blood
away from the heart
Where do veins deliver blood
toward the heart
What is the major artery
aorta
What is the endothelium
(in the arteries and veins) The endothelium creates specialized cells to help repair injuries and creates plasma and controls vascular relaxation and contraction
What is smooth muscle
(In the arteries and veins) the smooth muscle allows for narrower or larger blood vessels
What are capillaries
The smallest blood vessels - receive blood from the arterioles and deliver it to the venules - allow for diffusion
What is the purpose of valves
To prevent backflow
Which are thicker arteries or veins? Why?
Veins are further away from pumping of the heart - no need to be thick and have need low blood pressure
Arteries are thicker because pressure is high close to the heart and arteries are close to the heart
Is blood pressure high or low in arteries? in veins?
Blood pressure is high in arteries and low in veins
What is systolic pressure
The maximum pressure the heart exerts while beating - the greatest pressure exerted on the arteries when the ventricles contract
What is diastolic pressure
The force exerted when the heart is at rest - Pressure is at its lowest when the ventricular muscles relax
What is diffusion
Diffusion moves particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. This allows oxygen to enter the cells
