digestive quiz Flashcards
Name the four types of digestive systems and which are for invertebrates
Filter feeding, fluid feeding,
Invertebrates: gastrointestinal cavity, alimentary tract
Explain filter feeding
some aquatic organisms filter food from large quantities of water. ex. blue whales engulf lots of water and use their baleen (large structures that hang like vertical binds) to filter the krill out
Explain fluid feeding
Removing fluids from other organisms to obtain food. The animal may have special mouthparts for this. ex. mosquitos, tapeworms, aphids.
Gastrovascular cavity
A tube with only one opening, food and waste enter/exit the same opening. ex. hydra, flatworm, jellyfish
Alimentary canal
2 openings; food enters through one opening (mouth) and waste exits another (anus). ex. earthworms, humans
Mechanical digestion (& examples)
Physical breakdown/movement of foods into smaller pieces (mouth, teeth, esophagus peristalsis, stomach contractions)
Chemical digestion (& examples)
Breakdown of food through chemicals (acids and enzymes) starting with saliva in the mouth
Name the four stages of digestion
Ingestion, digestion, absorption, elimination
Explain ingestion stage
The taking in of nutrients
Explain digestion stage
breakdown of food into smaller subunits
Explain absorption stage
the transfer of digested nutrients into the bloodstream (nutrients are what is being absorbed)
Explain elimination stage
removal of waste products of digestion from the body
Name all digestive organs
Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, gallbladder, pancreas,
Explain what happens in the mouth
Mechanical (chewing) and chemical (enzymes/saliva) digestion. saliva contains an amylase enzyme that digests starch into maltose
Explain what happens in esophagus
Bolus makes its way down the esophagus into the stomach through muscular contractions called peristalsis
